Person-Centered Language: Empowering Those with Dementia

The words we use reflect our values and help shape how people around us are treated. Person-centered approaches focus on respect, dignity, and partnership. At the Dementia Society of America, we value this approach to describing the experience of Dementia.

Here are some examples of this language, and why this shift is so important in the context of Dementia.

1. Care Partner (vs. Caregiver)

• Meaning: A “care partner” is someone who works with a person, not just for them.

• Why it matters: This term shows that care is a relationship. It recognizes that both people give and receive support, even in situations like Dementia care.

2. Person Living With (vs. Patient, Victim, or Sufferer)

• Examples:

  • “Person living with Dementia”

  • “Person living with diabetes”

• Why it matters: This is called person-first language. It puts the individual before the condition. It reduces stigma and reminds others that a diagnosis does not define the whole person.

3. Elder (vs. Resident or Patient)

• Meaning: Refers to older adults with respect for their life experience and wisdom.

• Why it matters: Words like “resident” can feel clinical or impersonal. “Elder” honors identity, history, and value.

4. Person-Directed Care (vs. Patient Care)

• Meaning: The individual’s preferences, choices, and goals guide medical care.

• Why it matters: This term shifts power back to the person receiving care. It encourages independence and respects autonomy.

5. Support (vs. Assistance or Help)

• Meaning: Working alongside someone to enable them to do as much as they can.

• Why it matters: “Support” feels empowering, while “help” can sometimes feel limiting or one-sided.

6. Strengths-Based Language (vs. Deficit-Based Language)

• Examples:

  • “Has strong communication skills” instead of “struggles less with speaking.”

• Why it matters: Focuses on what a person can do, not what they cannot. This approach builds confidence and encourages growth.

7. Behavior as Communication (vs. Problem Behavior)

• Meaning: Actions are seen as a way of expressing needs or feelings.

• Why it matters: Especially in Dementia care, this reduces blame and encourages understanding. It leads to more compassionate responses.

8. Engagement (vs. Activities or Tasks)

• Meaning: Meaningful involvement based on a person’s interests and preferences.

• Why it matters: Emphasizes purpose and enjoyment, not just filling time.

9. Community (vs. Facility or Institution)

• Meaning: A place where people belong and connect.

• Why it matters: Promotes inclusion, relationships, and a sense of home.

Why Language Is So Important in Dementia Care

1. Shapes Attitudes

The words we use influence how we think. For example, calling someone a “patient” may lead to a more clinical mindset, while “person” or “Elder” encourages respect and empathy.

2. Affects Relationships

Language can create either distance or connection. Terms like “care partner” promote teamwork and mutual respect.

3. Supports Dignity and Identity

Person-centered language helps protect a person’s sense of self. This approach is especially important in Dementia care, where identity can feel at risk.

4. Reduces Stigma

Words like “sufferer” or “victim” can carry negative meanings. Person-first language helps reduce stereotypes and bias.

5. Encourages Better Outcomes

When people feel respected and heard, they are more likely to engage in care or learning. This approach can lead to improved well-being and quality of life.

Final Thought

Person-centered language is more than just choosing “nicer” words. It reflects a deeper shift in values—from doing things to people, to working with them. Across education, healthcare, and elder care, these words help create environments where people feel seen, heard, and valued.

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Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.