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Vascular Dementia is caused by a series of small strokes and is the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer's in people 65+. To learn more. Vascular DONATE "Multi-infarct Dementia [also commonly referred to as 'Vascular Dementia'] is caused by a series of small strokes. Multi-infarct Dementia (MID) is the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease in people over age 65. MID usually affects people between the ages of 55 and 75. More men than women have MID. A stroke is an interruption in or blockage of the blood supply to any part of the brain . A stroke is also called an infarct. Multi-infarct means that more than one area in the brain has been injured due to a lack of blood. The brain cannot get oxygen if blood flow is stopped for longer than a few seconds. Brain cells can die, causing permanent damage. There may be no stroke symptoms when these strokes affect a small area . These are called silent strokes. Over time, as more areas of the brain are damaged, the symptoms of MID appear. Not all strokes are silent. Larger strokes that affect strength, sensation, or other brain and nervous system (neurologic) functions can also lead to MID. Risk factors for MID include diabetes, hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis), high blood pressure (hypertension), smoking, and stroke." Lastly, White Matter Disease (WMD) is a Dementia subtype within the context of cardiovascular conditions that may produce changes in cognition similar to those seen in Vascular Dementia. An MRI scan is typically employed to help identify and distinguish the disorder. Vascular Dementia Source: click here . White Matter Disease Resource: click here . Resource: U.S. government website on vascular/Dementia risks. Video: University of California, Los Angeles Video When stroke becomes Dementia | Dr Amy Brodtmann: The Florey, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Click below on the various terms to learn more about both common and more rare conditions, syndromes and diseases, that can cause, or include symptoms leading to Dementia: Dementia-Like Conditions (that may be reversible); Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI); Alzheimer's Disease (AD or ALZ) Dementia; Mixed Dementia; Vascular Dementia; Young Onset Dementia; Lewy Body Dementia (LBD); Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD); AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC); Huntington's Disease with Dementia; Multiple Sclerosis (MS) with Dementia; Parkinson's Disease (PD) with Dementia; Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury (CTE) Dementia; Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) with Dementia; Down Syndrome with Dementia; Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA); Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA); Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS) Dementia; Limbic-predominant Age-related TDP-43 Encephalopathy (LATE);*** Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) Dementia; Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD); Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP); CADASIL;*** Sanfilippo Syndrome*** Batten Disease (Childhood Dementia);*** Binswanger Disease.*** Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA)*** Various Childhood Dementias*** Adult-Onset Leukoencephalopathy*** Don't see what you're looking for? Please contact us. *** Takes you to a non-DSA website. Go back to Definitions | Click Here

Jeff Moyers is Vice President and Senior Relationship Strategist at PNC Wealth Management, in Princeton, NJ. Board Member ◄ Back to Members | Jeff Moyers CFP Board Member Volunteer | Board Member, Treasurer M. Jeffrey Moyers is Investment Manager at Roffman Miller Associates Inc., Philadelphia, PA.

Explore educational resources on dementia, brain health, and the causes of cognitive impairments like Alzheimer’s and other related conditions.

Young-Onset or "Early-Onset" runs in families linked to three genes that differ from the APOE gene which can increase your risk of Alzheimer's in general. Young-Onset Young-Onset is often also referred to as "Early-Onset." Yet, it should be differentiated from another commonly used phrase: "Early Stage Dementia," which is more appropriate to describe someone in the early stages of Dementia, at any age. "Young-Onset Dementia is conventionally thought to include patients with onset before 65 years of age . This cutoff point is indicative of a sociological partition in terms of employment and retirement age, but this age has no specific biological significance and there is a range of disease features across this arbitrary divide." Source: click here . "Some people with early-onset Alzheimer's [Dementia] have the common form of the disease, and experts don't know why these people get the disease at a younger age than others do. For most, however, early-onset Alzheimer's runs in the family. They're likely to have a parent or grandparent who also developed Alzheimer's at a younger age. Early-onset Alzheimer's that runs in families is linked to three genes that differ from the APOE gene that can increase your risk of Alzheimer's in general. The genetic path of inheritance is much stronger in early-onset Alzheimer's. If you have a genetic mutation in one of those three genes — the APP, PSEN 1, or PSEN 2 — you may develop Alzheimer's before age 65." Source: click here . Click below on the various terms to learn more about both common and more rare conditions, syndromes and diseases, that can cause, or include symptoms leading to Dementia: Dementia-Like Conditions (that may be reversible); Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI); Alzheimer's Disease (AD or ALZ) Dementia; Mixed Dementia; Vascular Dementia; Young Onset Dementia; Lewy Body Dementia (LBD); Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD); AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC); Huntington's Disease with Dementia; Multiple Sclerosis (MS) with Dementia; Parkinson's Disease (PD) with Dementia; Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury (CTE) Dementia; Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) with Dementia; Down Syndrome with Dementia; Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA); Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA); Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS) Dementia; Limbic-predominant Age-related TDP-43 Encephalopathy (LATE);*** Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) Dementia; Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD); Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP); CADASIL;*** Sanfilippo Syndrome*** Batten Disease (Childhood Dementia);*** Binswanger Disease.*** Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA)*** Various Childhood Dementias*** Adult-Onset Leukoencephalopathy*** Don't see what you're looking for? Please contact us. *** Takes you to a non-DSA website. Go back to Definitions | Click Here

Dr. Fossel, president of Telocyte, is advancing FDA-sponsored human trials using telomerase therapy to target and potentially reverse Alzheimer’s disease. Advisory Council ◄ Back to Members | Michael Fossel MD PhD Advisor Council Dr. Fossel is president of Telocyte , a biotech firm targeting Alzheimer’s disease, intending to begin FDA-sponsored human trials aimed at curing the underlying disease process using telomerase therapy. His latest book, The Telomerase Revolution, discusses prospective FDA clinical trials of telomerase therapy as an effective intervention for Alzheimer’s disease. His book was lauded in both The London Times and the Wall Street Journal (as one of the five best science books of 2015). Born in 1950, Michael Fossel grew up New York, and lived in London, Palo Alto, San Francisco, Portland, and Denver. He graduated cum laude from Phillips Exeter Academy, received a joint BA and MA in psychology in four years from Wesleyan University in Connecticut, and, after completing a PhD in Neurobiology at Stanford University in 1978, went on to finish his MD at Stanford Medical School in two and a half years. He was awarded a National Science Foundation Fellowship and taught neuroanatomy and other courses at Stanford University, where he began studying aging, emphasizing premature aging syndromes. Dr. Fossel was a Clinical Professor of Medicine at Michigan State University for almost three decades and currently teaches the Biology of Aging at Grand Valley State University. He has been a member of numerous scientific organizations including the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Aging Association (he was their Executive Director and served on their board of directors), the American Gerontological Society, the American Society on Aging, the American Geriatrics Society, and the Alzheimer’s Association ISTAART, among others. He has lectured at NIH and the Smithsonian Institute, and still lectures internationally. He was founding editor of the Journal of Anti-Aging Medicine (now the Rejuvenation Research). His numerous articles on aging and ethics in the Journal of the American Medical Association, In Vivo, and other academic journals have sparked frequent calls for him to speak worldwide to both medical groups and the general public. He featured prominently at IdeaCity in Toronto in June of 2014 and been interviewed by Singularity 1-on-1 regarding Alzheimer’s therapy. In 1996, Dr. Fossel published Reversing Human Aging, the first book to describe how aging works, how to reverse it, and the consequences of doing so. The book was reviewed favorably in national full page newspaper articles and in Scientific American. It has now been published in six languages. He has appeared on Good Morning America, ABC 20/20, NBC Extra, Fox Network, CNN, the BBC, the Discovery Channel, and regularly on NPR. This was the first book to ever describe the medical aspects of extending human telomeres, reversing aging, and curing age-related disease. His academic textbook, Cells, Aging, and Human Disease, was published in 2004 by Oxford University Press. An extensive look at the field, with well over four thousand references, it reviews the entire fields of telomere biology and cell senescence as they apply to human clinical diseases and aging. Still the only medical textbook on the clinical potential of telomerase, it includes in depth discussions of Alzheimer’s disease, the progerias, atherosclerosis, osteoporosis, immune senescence, skin aging, and cancer, as well as the potential for fundamentally new therapies for these diseases using telomerase therapy. His most recent book, The Telomerase Revolution, had a laudatory, full-page article and review in The London Times and the Wall Street Journal named it as one of the year’s best science books. It gives a clear explanation of how aging and age-related diseases work, and why we believe that we can now intervene in a novel and far more effective way. www.telocyte.com

Mixed vascular-degenerative Dementia is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. Learn more about both common and more rare conditions. Contact us. Mixed Dementia "Autopsy studies looking at the brains of people who had Dementia suggest that a majority of those age 80 and older probably had 'Mixed Dementia ,' caused by processes related to both Alzheimer’s disease [or, other Dementia] and vascular disease. In fact, some studies indicate that mixed vascular-degenerative Dementia is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. In a person with mixed Dementia, it may not be clear exactly how many of a person’s symptoms are due to Alzheimer’s or another type of Dementia . In one study, about 40 percent of people who were thought to have Alzheimer’s were found after autopsy to also have some form of cerebrovascular disease. Several studies have found that many of the major risk factors for vascular disease also may be risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease. Researchers are still working to understand how underlying disease processes in Mixed Dementia influence each other. It is not clear, for example, if symptoms are likely to be worse when a person has brain changes reflecting multiple types of Dementia. Nor do we know if a person with multiple Dementias can benefit from treating one type, for example, when a person with Alzheimer’s disease controls high blood pressure and other vascular disease risk factors." Source: click here . Click below on the various terms to learn more about both common and more rare conditions, syndromes and diseases, that can cause, or include symptoms leading to Dementia: Dementia-Like Conditions (that may be reversible); Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI); Alzheimer's Disease (AD or ALZ) Dementia; Mixed Dementia; Vascular Dementia; Young Onset Dementia; Lewy Body Dementia (LBD); Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD); AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC); Huntington's Disease with Dementia; Multiple Sclerosis (MS) with Dementia; Parkinson's Disease (PD) with Dementia; Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury (CTE) Dementia; Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) with Dementia; Down Syndrome with Dementia; Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA); Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA); Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS) Dementia; Limbic-predominant Age-related TDP-43 Encephalopathy (LATE);*** Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) Dementia; Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD); Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP); CADASIL;*** Sanfilippo Syndrome*** Batten Disease (Childhood Dementia);*** Binswanger Disease.*** Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA)*** Various Childhood Dementias*** Adult-Onset Leukoencephalopathy*** Don't see what you're looking for? Please contact us. *** Takes you to a non-DSA website. Go back to Definitions | Click Here

Dementia consultant, educator, and author, Tami Anastasia, MA, delivers counseling, support and care strategies for family and professional dementia caregivers. Advisory Council ◄ Back to Members | Tami Anastasia MA Advisory Council Tami Anastasia is a dementia consultant, educator and speaker. She is the author of Essential Strategies for the Dementia Caregiver: Learning to PACE Yourself . Tami holds a Master’s Degree in Counseling, a Certificate in Gerontology, and a Certificate in End of Life. For more than 30 years, Tami has provided counseling services, dementia guidance, emotional support, and care strategies to family and professional dementia caregivers. In addition to her private practice, Tami facilitates several dementia caregiver support groups and has partnered with agencies throughout California to conduct educational workshops, trainings, and webinars. Tami is a sought-after speaker, frequently presenting before audiences at professional meetings, senior retirement centers, memory care and assisted living communities, health and wellness conferences, local colleges and universities, and public health organizations. Tami has been a guest on local television, radio shows and podcasts and has published several articles on dementia and health-related topics. https://tamianastasia.com/

Where does one get the truth about Alzheimer’s Disease and other forms of Dementia? Right here. We have collected definitions we believe will be helpful to you. Definitions Important Notice: Dementia Society of America (DSA) does not provide medical advice. The contents are for informational purposes only and are not intended to substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Anchor 1 Where does one get the truth about Alzheimer’s Disease and other forms of Dementia? Right here. We have collected definitions we believe will be helpful to you. We also offer a variety of presentations and programs to help people living with these conditions and their families and caregivers. You don’t have to make this journey alone. We can help. Access additional Dementia resources here. 1:40 Minutes 4:00 Minutes DEFINITIONS A broad factual definition of Dementia from the U.S. Government: "Dementia is not a specific disease. It is a descriptive term for a collection of symptoms that can be caused by a number of disorders that affect the brain. People with dementia have significantly impaired intellectual functioning that interferes with normal activities and relationships. They also lose their ability to solve problems and maintain emotional control, and they may experience personality changes and behavioral problems, such as agitation, delusions, and hallucinations. While memory loss is a common symptom of dementia, memory loss by itself does not mean that a person has dementia. Doctors diagnose dementia only if two or more brain functions - such as memory and language skills -- are significantly impaired without loss of consciousness. Some of the diseases that can cause symptoms of dementia are Alzheimer’s disease (AD), vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal dementia, Huntington’s disease, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Doctors have identified other conditions that can cause dementia or dementia-like symptoms including reactions to medications, metabolic problems and endocrine abnormalities, nutritional deficiencies, infections, poisoning, brain tumors, anoxia, or hypoxia (conditions in which the brain’s oxygen supply is either reduced or cut off entirely), and heart and lung problems. Although it is common in very elderly individuals, dementia is not a normal part of the aging process"* Moreover, recent studies have found that newer brain scans may point to other causes of Dementia in approximately one-third of presumed AD cases, thereby helping avoid an Alzheimer’s disease misdiagnosis, which may lead to better treatment and care.** A fundamental concept to grasp is that the symptoms of Dementia often go beyond memory loss. They can include significant shifts in mood, more falls, disturbed gait (how we walk), and more. In addition, hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia are not uncommon. *Sources- 2015, United States National Institutes of Health: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Additional Sources- Read updated information from NIH; click here . Mayo Clinic has an excellent brief definition; click here . The National Institute on Aging maintains an excellent site; click here . World Health Organization, click here . **Source- 2019, click here. Click below on the various terms to learn more about both common and more rare conditions, syndromes and diseases, that can cause, or include symptoms leading to Dementia: Dementia-Like Conditions (that may be reversible); Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI); Alzheimer's Disease (AD or ALZ) Dementia; Mixed Dementia; Vascular Dementia; Young Onset Dementia; Lewy Body Dementia (LBD); Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD); AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC); Huntington's Disease with Dementia; Multiple Sclerosis (MS) with Dementia; Parkinson's Disease (PD) with Dementia; Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury (CTE) Dementia; Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) with Dementia; Down Syndrome with Dementia; Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA); Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA); Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS) Dementia; Limbic-predominant Age-related TDP-43 Encephalopathy (LATE);*** Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) Dementia; Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD); Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP); CADASIL;*** Sanfilippo Syndrome*** Batten Disease (Childhood Dementia);*** Binswanger Disease.*** Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA)*** Various Childhood Dementias*** Adult-Onset Leukoencephalopathy*** Don't see what you're looking for? Please contact us. *** Takes you to a non-DSA website. Go back to Education | Click Here

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Lewy body disease may cause problems with movement and posture, muscle stiffness, and confusion. Learn more about both common and rare conditions. Lewy Body DONATE "Lewy body disease is one of the most common causes of Dementia in the elderly. Lewy body disease happens when abnormal structures, called Lewy bodies, build up in areas of the brain. The disease may cause a wide range of symptoms, including changes in alertness and attention, hallucinations, problems with movement and posture, muscle stiffness, and confusion. Lewy body disease can be hard to diagnose because of Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease cause similar symptoms. Scientists think that Lewy body disease might be related to these diseases, or that they sometimes happen together. Lewy body disease usually begins between the ages of 50 and 85 . The disease gets worse over time. There is no cure. Treatment focuses on drugs to help symptoms." Source: click here . "Who was Lewy? In the early 1900s, while researching Parkinson's disease, the scientist Friederich H. Lewy discovered abnormal protein deposits that disrupt the brain's normal functioning. These Lewy body proteins are found in an area of the brain stem where they deplete the neurotransmitter dopamine, causing Parkinsonian symptoms. In Lewy Body Dementia [LBD], these abnormal proteins are diffuse throughout other areas of the brain , including the cerebral cortex. The brain chemical acetylcholine is depleted, causing disruption of perception, thinking, and behavior. Lewy body disease exists either in pure form or in conjunction with other brain changes, including those typically seen in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease." Source: click here . Click below on the various terms to learn more about both common and more rare conditions, syndromes and diseases, that can cause, or include symptoms leading to Dementia: Dementia-Like Conditions (that may be reversible); Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI); Alzheimer's Disease (AD or ALZ) Dementia; Mixed Dementia; Vascular Dementia; Young Onset Dementia; Lewy Body Dementia (LBD); Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD); AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC); Huntington's Disease with Dementia; Multiple Sclerosis (MS) with Dementia; Parkinson's Disease (PD) with Dementia; Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury (CTE) Dementia; Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) with Dementia; Down Syndrome with Dementia; Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA); Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA); Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS) Dementia; Limbic-predominant Age-related TDP-43 Encephalopathy (LATE);*** Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) Dementia; Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD); Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP); CADASIL;*** Sanfilippo Syndrome*** Batten Disease (Childhood Dementia);*** Binswanger Disease.*** Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA)*** Various Childhood Dementias*** Adult-Onset Leukoencephalopathy*** Don't see what you're looking for? Please contact us. *** Takes you to a non-DSA website. Go back to Definitions | Click Here

Lauren is the owner of Neuro Speech Services, a private practice based in Northern Virginia Advisory Council ◄ Back to Members | Lauren Schwabish MS CCC-SLP Advisory Council Lauren is the owner of Neuro Speech Services , a private practice based in Northern Virginia, specializing in person-centered assessment and treatment of cognitive-communicative disorders related to stroke, brain injury, and other neurologic conditions. Lauren received her Bachelor of Science degree with Honors in Communicative Disorders from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and holds a master’s degree in communication sciences from Hunter College of the City University of New York. She is licensed in the Commonwealth of Virginia and is a certified member of the American Speech Language Hearing Association. She has over 21 years of experience working in hospitals and acute rehabilitation centers and is passionate about providing meaningful and accessible health education about the brain to patients, families, and health care professionals. Lauren is an engaging public speaker on the topics of memory and thinking skills, committed to empowering communities with evidence-based information and best practices in brain health behaviors.

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