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Social Media: Request Your Free Guide to Dementia, Caregiving, and Brain Health Video Transcript Hey everybody, thanks for joining me, Kevin, a volunteer with the Dementia Society of America. Again, thank you for being part of our social media. Maybe you've just followed us for good brain health information, good Dementia information. Maybe you've been part of a challenge or a fundraiser. Maybe you've created a birthday fundraiser or contributed to one. Whatever it is, I want to thank you very, very much. We want to get this free booklet into your hands. What Is the Big Umbrella? It's a 16-page guide in your hands that talks about what Dementia is and isn't. It's very colorful. It's filled with facts about Dementia, leading types of Dementia, causes, as well as clues. Like, what are some of the things, like signs, symptoms, clues that you might see if somebody's developing a cognitive impairment that we might call a Dementia? Also, evaluations and recommendations. We talk about doctor's visits. We have a whole care plan section, which is the Dementia action plan, seven steps to take in the face of Dementia. So you'll really learn a lot there. And we also have a whole brain boost section, 10 Building Blocks to Better Brain Health. So it's all here in this booklet. It's all free. We send you a few other tools that you can use if you're a caregiver or if you're somebody who maybe even has a cognitive impairment. And it's all free, sent to you. The envelope just says DSA requested information. It doesn't say Dementia on the outside of the envelope. It's all free and it's all sent to you. So just use the link below to go to a form, and give us your name and address, and everything so that we can send the Big Umbrella to you. If you want to make a donation, of course, we'd love that, but that's not required. But there's a link below the video for that as well. But our main goal is to raise awareness. We're a national nonprofit. You can look us up on Charity Navigator. There are other platforms where you can find information about us. We would just love to have you join us in terms of getting information, being educated, and being able to share that information with others because it really, really makes a difference. So thanks so much again. Get The Big Umbrella! Use the link below to connect to our web form, which you can fill out: put your name and address, we'll send you everything free of charge. It takes a couple of weeks to get and certainly we love your support, but the main thing is for you to get this very valuable information, so thank you so much, and be well. Bye-bye. Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

A grandmother and granddaughter enjoy a relaxing afternoon together, watching television on a cozy living room sofa. For many people, watching TV is a fun way to relax. But for people living with Dementia, regular TV shows can be confusing or stressful. Fast-talking, loud music, and flashing lights can be overwhelming. That’s why special TV programs, like Zinnia TV *, Memory Lane TV , and even some YouTube channels , have been created just for them. These programs are made to be peaceful, simple, and comforting for both people with Dementia and the caregivers who love and support them. In this blog post, we’ll explore how these therapeutic TV services work, what they have in common, and what makes each one special. What Is Therapeutic TV? Therapeutic TV is not just for fun — it’s meant to help people feel better. For people with Dementia, it can help them feel calm, connected, and even happy. These programs are made with soft music, slow movements, and familiar images. There’s no fast action, loud shouting, or confusing storylines. Instead, viewers might see: Babies cooing Waves gently rolling onto a beach Birds flying in the sky A person baking cookies or planting flowers Old-time music that sparks memories Therapeutic TV helps reduce stress, ease anxiety, and bring smiles. It can also help caregivers by making daily life smoother. What These Programs Have in Common Whether it’s Zinnia TV *, Memory Lane TV, or a YouTube video, these services share some essential qualities: They are peaceful and calm.  The shows are designed to relax, not excite. They show familiar or joyful scenes.  Many people recognize things like music, cooking, babies, or pets — even if they can’t remember names or places. They help create a routine.  Watching a calming video can make hard times of day (like bathing or bedtime) a little easier. They support caregivers.  When the person being cared for is calm, the caregiver also gets a break. They leverage a technique called reminiscence therapy , which helps individuals recall fond memories from their past. They require an internet connection . The paid services offer free trials. These programs are made with love and care. They are a helpful tool for families dealing with memory loss. Memory Lane TV: Affordable, Accessible Multisensory Programming for Memory Loss Memory Lane TV is an excellent option. It combines peaceful visuals with scientific research. The creators work with doctors, memory care experts, and families to build each video with care. With the required app installed, it’s very easy to use on SMART TVs, mobile tablets, and mobile phones. Family plans are monthly, while business and care community plans are annual. YouTube Channels: Free and Easy to Access Not everyone can subscribe to a paid TV service. That’s where YouTube   can help. There are many free YouTube channels made for people living with Dementia. Without a specific app, other than an internet browser, you can play it on almost any device. That said, there is also a YouTube app. Zinnia TV:   Videos that diminish agitation, foster connection & engagement, and ease daily activities. Another excellent option is Zinnia TV . It is one of the best-known therapeutic TV services for people with Dementia. It offers a wide range of videos that are quiet, gentle, and easy to follow. With the required app installed, it’s very easy to use on SMART TVs, mobile tablets, and mobile phones. Zinnia TV is a favorite choice for caregivers seeking a calming and straightforward tool to help their loved ones feel safe and engaged. Family plans are available on a monthly or annual basis, while business and care community plans are offered on a yearly basis. *SAVE: As a gesture of goodwill, and for a limited time, ZINNIA TV is offering a one-time $99.99 LIFETIME subscription to support you, a constituent of the Dementia Society of America. Please note that Zinnia's regular one-year subscription alone is $69.99. You must use this link to receive your savings: https://www.zinniatv.com/dsa Real-Life Impact Let’s look at some examples. Sarah cares for her mother, who often gets confused in the late afternoon. Playing a Zinnia TV video of someone folding laundry and humming helps settle her down. Mike uses Memory Lane TV with his dad, who remembers songs from the 1950s. When he hears those tunes, his dad sings along and smiles. Meanwhile, Nora uses a YouTube playlist of birds and waterfalls to help her grandma relax before bed. In each case, therapeutic TV gives caregivers a helpful break — and gives their loved ones a moment of peace and joy. Final Thoughts Caring for someone with Dementia can be challenging, but tools like Zinnia TV , Memory Lane TV, and YouTube might make things a little easier. These programs help reduce stress, evoke memories, and create calm moments throughout the day. They’re simple to use, gentle on the senses, and a real source of comfort. If someone you love has Dementia, consider trying one of these services. Sometimes, even a five-minute video of a kitten purring, a baby smiling, or a gentle rain falling can make all the difference—every moment of peace counts for both the person with Dementia and the one who cares for them. Helpful Links: Zinnia TV: https://www.zinniatv.com/dsa Memory Lane TV: https://www.memorylanetv.com YouTube search: “Therapeutic videos for Dementia” or “calming nature videos” Author:  AI-Assisted Human-Edited Staff Writer DISCLOSURE: Zinnia TV, Memory Lane TV, and YouTube are trademarks of their respective owners. There is no revenue sharing between the Dementia Society of America and any of the aforementioned TV services. Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Have you ever wondered if what you eat can help keep your brain sharp? Scientists say that it can! A specific eating plan called the MIND diet was created to help improve memory, focus, and brain health as people age. It may even lower the risk of diseases like Alzheimer’s. Let’s explore the MIND diet, how it works, and how to follow it to keep your brain strong. What is the MIND Diet? The MIND diet  stands for Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay . That’s a long name, but it’s a simple idea. It combines two healthy diets: The Mediterranean Diet focuses on fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats like olive oil. The DASH Diet helps lower blood pressure by reducing salt and processed foods while adding more nutrient-rich foods. Together, these two diets create the MIND diet, which is designed to protect the brain and improve thinking skills. How Does the MIND Diet Help the Brain? The MIND diet includes foods high in antioxidants, vitamins, and healthy fats, which:  Reduce brain inflammation  – Helps prevent damage to brain cells.  Improve blood flow  – Keeps the brain full of oxygen and nutrients. Lower harmful proteins  – Some foods in the diet help remove beta-amyloid plaques, which are linked to Alzheimer’s disease.  Provide brain fuel  – Nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids and B vitamins support memory and learning. Best Foods for the MIND Diet The MIND diet encourages eating brain-healthy foods regularly: Leafy Green Vegetables  – Spinach, kale, and lettuce help slow memory decline. Berries  – Blueberries and strawberries are rich in antioxidants that protect brain cells. Nuts  – Walnuts, almonds, and cashews provide healthy fats that support brain function. Whole Grains  – Oatmeal, brown rice, and whole wheat bread give the brain steady energy. Fish  – Salmon, trout, and sardines contain omega-3 fatty acids that support memory. Olive Oil  is a heart-healthy fat that reduces brain inflammation. Beans  are a great source of protein and fiber that keeps brain function steady. Foods to Limit on the MIND Diet The MIND diet also recommends eating less of certain foods that may harm brain health: Red Meat  – Limit burgers, steaks, and pork. Butter & Margarine  – Too much saturated fat can harm brain function. Fried & Fast Foods  – These increase inflammation and may speed up memory loss. Cheese  – Eat in moderation, as too much can contribute to poor brain health. Sweets & Pastries  – High sugar intake has been linked to brain aging. How to Start the MIND Diet Starting the MIND diet is easy! You don’t have to follow it perfectly. The Dementia Society of America ® recommends trying to: Eat more brain-friendly foods daily. Make small swaps, like using olive oil instead of butter. Snack on nuts or berries instead of chips. Eat fish at least once a week. Conclusion The MIND diet is a simple and tasty way to protect brain health and lower the risk of brain diseases like Alzheimer’s disease. You can keep your brain strong and healthy for years by choosing the right foods and making small changes. Eat wisely, think sharp!  Author:  AI-Assisted Human-Edited Staff Writer Additional Reading: Morris, M. C., Tangney, C. C., Wang, Y., et al. (2015). MIND Diet Slows Cognitive Decline with Aging. Alzheimer’s & Dementia, 11(9),  1015-1022. DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2015.04.011 National Institute on Aging (NIA). Can What We Eat Affect Our Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease? https://www.nia.nih.gov/ Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. The MIND Diet: A Scientific Approach to Brain Health. https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/ Morris, M. C., Tangney, C. C., Wang, Y., et al. (2017). The MIND Diet and Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease. Nutritional Neuroscience, 20(2),  145-152. DOI: 10.1080/1028415X.2015.1110513 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Eating for Brain Health: The MIND Diet. https://www.eatright.org/ Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Learn more about the Dementia Society of America Honor a Memory. Change a Life. Please consider suggesting memorial gifts to the Dementia Society of America®. Tributes can help transform the lives of millions affected by Dementia, and help generations yet to come. Learn more www.dementiasociety.org/memorials Donate now . Types of Dementia Alzheimer’s Dementia, Vascular Dementia, Lewy Body Dementia, Frontotemporal Degeneration, Parkinson’s Dementia, Huntington’s, CTE & over 200 more. Memorial Gifts Power Our Mission: Awareness & Education We seek out families and individuals in need, connecting them to life-changing education and local resources that empower them to navigate the challenges of Dementia with strength and clarity. All for free. Donate now . Innovative Research Gifts fund early-stage, high-impact research, accelerating breakthroughs in prevention, treatment, and hope for a cure. Life-Enriching Programs Gifts bring the joy of music, art, movement, and compassionate touch to those living with Dementia, especially those who are often forgotten or isolated, restoring dignity, connection, and joy. All for free. We know you matter® Together, we can give families the tools they need, fuel vital discoveries, and light up the lives of those on this journey. Donate now . Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Have you ever felt stressed, distracted, or overwhelmed? If so, you’re not alone! Life can be busy and sometimes stressful, but meditation and mindfulness are simple ways to help your brain feel calmer and function better. These practices have been around for thousands of years, and scientists now know that they can improve brain health, memory, and focus. Let’s explore how they work and how you can start using them. What Are Meditation and Mindfulness? Meditation is a practice where you sit quietly, focus on your breathing, and clear your mind. It helps your brain slow down and relax. Mindfulness means paying close attention to what’s happening now—your thoughts, feelings, and surroundings—without judging them. It helps you stay focused and present in the moment. Both meditation and mindfulness help the brain feel more balanced, less stressed, and better at handling emotions. How Meditation and Mindfulness Help the Brain Scientists have studied meditation and mindfulness and found terrific benefits for the brain, including: Reducing stress and anxiety —Meditation helps lower cortisol levels, the hormone that rises with stress. A calmer brain means less anxiety and a better mood. Improving focus and attention – Mindfulness trains the brain to focus on one task at a time, which helps with tasks such as schoolwork, reading, and remembering things. Strengthening memory – Meditation helps increase the size of the hippocampus, the part of the brain that controls memory. This effect enables you to remember things more effectively and learn faster. Boosting emotional health – Regular meditation can make you feel happier and more positive by increasing activity in the brain’s prefrontal cortex, which controls emotions. Helping with sleep – Meditation calms the mind, making it easier to fall and stay asleep. A well-rested brain works much better. Protecting the brain from aging – Meditation may help prevent memory loss and brain diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, by keeping brain cells healthy. How to Start Practicing Mindfulness and Meditation You don’t need any special equipment to start meditating—just a quiet space and a few minutes each day! Here are some easy ways to begin, according to the Dementia Society of America ®: Try deep breathing – Sit quietly, close your eyes, and take slow, deep breaths. Focus on each breath as it goes in and out. Pay attention to your senses —Walk outside and notice what you see, hear, and feel. This will help you stay present in the moment. Take a break from screens —put away your phone and sit quietly for a few minutes, taking a moment to notice your surroundings. Use a guided meditation app – Apps like Calm, Headspace, or Insight Timer offer short, beginner-friendly meditation sessions. Practice before bed – Meditating 5 minutes before sleep can help you relax and fall asleep faster. Conclusion Meditation and mindfulness are simple yet powerful ways to improve brain health, reduce stress, and boost memory and focus. A few minutes a day can make a significant difference in how you feel and think. So why not give it a try? Your brain will thank you. Author:  AI-Assisted Human-Edited Staff Writer Additional Reading: 1. Tang, Y. Y., Hölzel, B. K., & Posner, M. I. (2015). The Neuroscience of Mindfulness Meditation . Nature Reviews Neuroscience , 16(4), 213–225. DOI: 10.1038/nrn3916 2. Goyal, M., Singh, S., Sibinga, E. M., et al. (2014). Meditation Programs for Psychological Stress and Well-Being: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Internal Medicine , 174(3), 357–368. DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.13018 3. Hölzel, B. K., Carmody, J., Vangel, M., et al. (2011). Mindfulness Practice Leads to Increases in Regional Brain Gray Matter Density. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging , 191(1), 36–43. DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2010.08.006 4. Zeidan, F., Johnson, S. K., Diamond, B. J., et al. (2010). Mindfulness Meditation Improves Cognition: Evidence of Brief Mental Training. Consciousness and Cognition , 19(2), 597–605. DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2010.03.014 5. Davidson, R. J., & McEwen, B. S. (2012). Social Influences on Neuroplasticity: Stress and Interventions to Promote Well-Being. Nature Neuroscience , 15(5), 689–695. DOI: 10.1038/nn.3093 6. Harvard Medical School. Mindfulness Meditation May Ease Anxiety and Mental Stress. https://www.health.harvard.edu/ 7. National Institutes of Health (NIH) – National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. Meditation and Mindfulness: What You Need to Know. https://www.nccih.nih.gov/ Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Ask The Expert ™ | Join Online Most Mondays Join our care professional, Tami Anastasis, for a lively and informative national Zoom call, held most Mondays at 7:00 PM ET (4:00 PM Pacific). What is Dementia Unplugged ™ : Ask The Expert ™ ? This Dementia Unplugged program, Ask The Expert™, is appropriate for all care partners and all types and stages of Dementia, as well as specific individuals (those living with  MCI or very early-stage Dementia).   You'll be able to ask basic questions, get real-world answers, and take the next best step(s) in your journey. ​ Not a "support group" exactly, and not limited to just one type of Dementia. Instead, this is a supportive and helpful conversation about the fundamental challenges and opportunities of coping with all the symptoms of Dementia. ​ "Ask The Expert" aims to maximize the chance for positive movement forward as a caregiver and self-care. CLICK HERE TO REGISTER FOR ASK THE EXPERT™ ​Download a handout for Ask The Expert. Please  click here . ​ More Supportive Programs ​ Iowa State University's Powerful Tools for Caregivers: a 6-week workshop on stress management. Please click here . Support groups on Facebook? Please click here . Are you looking for our other Dementia Unplugged™ programs? Click on the link(s) below to open up the specific playlists on our YouTube channel. ​ ARTFul Insights™ ​Dementia Foundations™ Care Conversations™ Updated 6-5-25 Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Do you ever forget where you put your keys or struggle to remember someone’s name? Don’t worry! Everyone forgets things sometimes. The Dementia Society of America ® has some good news for you: memory can be improved with the right exercises and activities. Just as lifting weights strengthens your muscles, certain activities can strengthen your brain and improve your memory. This article will explore the best exercises and habits to boost brainpower and help you remember things better.   Why Is Memory Important? Memory is the process by which we store and recall information. It helps us remember people, places, and experiences. It also allows us to learn new things and use past knowledge to solve problems. As we grow older, our memory can weaken if we don’t care for our brains. However, scientists have discovered ways to keep your brain strong and improve memory at any age.   Best Practices to Enhance Memory There are many ways to train your brain and improve memory. Below are some of the best activities that scientists recommend: Play Brain Games Just like a muscle, the brain needs exercise! Brain games challenge your thinking and help keep your memory sharp. Some fun games to try include: Puzzles  – Jigsaw, Sudoku, and crossword puzzles improve problem-solving skills.  Card games  – Memory Match, Solitaire, and Uno improve concentration.  Chess and strategy games  make you think ahead and remember moves. Engaging in brain games for 15-30 minutes daily can help enhance memory and cognitive skills. Learn Something New Learning new skills requires the brain to work harder and form new connections. Some great activities to try include: Learn to play an instrument  – Playing the guitar, piano, or drums can help improve memory and coordination. Learn a new language  – Studying a language helps you remember words, sounds, and meanings. Take up a new hobby  – Painting, knitting, or photography challenges the brain in new ways. The more you challenge your brain, the better it works! Exercise Regularly Exercise doesn’t just help your body—it also boosts brain power! When you exercise, your brain gets more oxygen and nutrients, which improves memory and focus. The best exercises for the brain include: Walking or jogging  – Even a 30-minute walk can improve brain function. Yoga and meditation  – These help reduce stress, which can improve memory. Strength training  – Lifting weights or doing resistance exercises helps brain health. Dancing  – Learning dance moves strengthens memory and coordination. Try exercising for at least 30 minutes daily, five days a week for the best results. Get Enough Sleep Did you know that your brain organizes and stores memories while you sleep? That’s why getting enough sleep is one of the best ways to improve memory! Aim for 7-9 hours of sleep per night. Avoid screens (phones, tablets, TVs) before bed—they can make it harder to fall asleep. Go to bed and wake up at the same time each day to help your brain function better. Sleeping well helps you remember things more effectively and feel more focused the next day. Eat Brain-Boosting Foods What you eat affects how well your brain works. Certain foods are known to help memory and focus, including: Fatty fish  (like salmon and tuna) – Rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which protect brain cells.  Leafy greens  (like spinach and kale) – Contain vitamins and antioxidants that support brain function. Berries  (like blueberries and strawberries) – Help improve memory by reducing brain inflammation. Nuts and seeds  (like walnuts and almonds) – Contain healthy fats that help brain function. Dark chocolate  – It contains antioxidants that improve memory and focus. Eating a healthy diet rich in these foods can boost your brainpower and enhance memory. Stay Socially Active Talking and spending time with friends and family helps keep your brain sharp. Social interaction encourages you to think critically, recall details, and engage in meaningful conversations, thereby improving your memory. Join a club or group  – Book clubs, sports teams, or community groups keep your brain active. Call or video chat with friends and family  – Regular conversations help improve social and cognitive skills. Volunteer  – Helping others keeps the mind engaged and improves overall happiness. The more you engage with people, the stronger your brain stays. Reduce Stress and Relax Excessive stress can impair memory and concentration. That’s why it’s essential to relax and take breaks. Practice deep breathing  – Take slow, deep breaths to calm your mind. Try mindfulness or meditation  – These can help you stay focused and relaxed. Do something you enjoy  – Reading, listening to music, or walking can help reduce stress. By managing stress, you help protect your brain and improve memory. Conclusion Your brain is like a muscle—the more you exercise it, the stronger it gets! Engaging in brain games, learning new skills, exercising regularly, eating a balanced diet, getting sufficient sleep, staying socially connected, and managing stress can all help enhance your memory and keep your brain sharp. You don’t have to do everything at once! Start small—maybe play a memory game today, walk tomorrow, and eat more brain-healthy foods this week. Over time, these habits will help you remember things more effectively and maintain your mental strength. So, what brain-boosting activity will you try first?   Author: AI-Assisted Human-Edited Staff Writer Additional Reading National Institute on Aging (NIA). Cognitive Health and Older Adults. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/cognitive-health Harvard Medical School. Improving Memory: Understanding Age-Related Memory Loss. https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/improving-memory Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Brain Health and Cognitive Decline Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/aging/healthybrain Mayo Clinic. Memory Loss: 7 Tips to Improve Your Memory. https://www.mayoclinic.org Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Feeling the beat can boost your brain health in multiple ways.   Music is everywhere — on the radio, in movies, and even in nature. But did you know that music does more than entertain? Scientists have discovered that music can improve brain health in several ways.   The human brain is comprised of billions of neurons that send messages to control our thoughts, actions, and emotions. When we listen to music, multiple areas of the brain become active simultaneously. Scientists have used brain scans to demonstrate that music stimulates areas responsible for memory, emotions, and movement, and can enhance cognitive function, mood, and overall well-being. Read on to explore your mind on music: the science behind how music benefits the brain and improves well-being.   Boosts Memory and Learning One of the most exciting discoveries about music is its ability to enhance memory and learning. Research indicates that listening to music can improve people's ability to recall information. For example, students who listen to classical music while studying often perform better on tests. For individuals with some level of cognitive impairment, familiar songs can help revive lost memories and enhance their ability to communicate.   Reduces Stress and Anxiety Music has a direct effect on our emotions. When we listen to calming music or soothing sounds, such as a soft piano or ocean waves, our brains release the hormones dopamine and serotonin, which make us feel happy and relaxed. Music can also lower cortisol, the hormone responsible for stress. Scientists have found that slow, steady rhythms help lower heart rate and blood pressure, leading to a calmer mind and body.   Improves Focus and Attention Certain types of music, such as instrumental or classical music, can help improve focus and attention. Scientists believe that background music helps block out distractions, making it easier to concentrate on tasks. This is why many professionals listen to music while working. However, not all music is beneficial. Songs with lyrics can sometimes be distracting when reading or writing.   Strengthens Brain Plasticity Brain plasticity is the brain’s ability to change and grow. Learning a new instrument, for example, strengthens connections between different parts of the brain. Research shows that musicians have larger and more connected brain regions than nonmusicians. Playing an instrument improves hand-eye coordination, problem-solving skills, and language processing. The more we engage with music, the more our brains adapt and improve over time.   Helps with Mental Health Music therapy is used to help people struggling with mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. Playing or listening to music can be an emotional outlet, assisting people to express their feelings when words are difficult. Upbeat music can lift spirits, while slower music can promote relaxation and calmness. Music is even used in hospitals to help patients manage pain and recover from illnesses faster.   Enhances Social Connection Music is often a shared experience. Singing in a choir, dancing to a song, or attending a concert with friends creates a sense of belonging. Studies show that group music activities release oxytocin, a hormone that fosters trust and intimacy, thereby helping to build social bonds. This is why music plays a significant role in cultural traditions and celebrations worldwide.   Encourages Physical Movement Rhythmic music makes us want to move! Dancing to music engages both the brain and body, improving coordination and balance. Research has shown that dancing can reduce the risk of Dementia by keeping the brain active. Exercise and music together create a powerful combination for overall brain and body health.   Conclusion Music is more than just a form of entertainment — it’s a scientifically proven way to improve brain health. Whether you listen to, play, or dance to it, music can be an enjoyable and straightforward way to care for your brain. Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Copyright Getty Images Hearing well is good for your brain for all kinds of reasons.   You may think that hearing happens only in the ears, but the truth is, it’s a major brain function. Sound waves enter the ear and are converted into electrical signals, which travel to the brain for processing. If hearing declines, the brain gets fewer signals and must work harder to fill in missing information. Over time, this extra effort can lead to fatigue, memory loss, and an increased risk of cognitive decline. However, better hearing keeps the brain engaged and may prevent these issues.   Learn about all the ways that better hearing ("good vibrations") supports brain health and why it’s essential for people of all ages.   Boosts Memory Hearing plays a crucial role in memory. When we listen to conversations, our brains process and store information. It’s harder to understand and remember details if we don’t hear clearly. Studies show that people with good hearing perform better on memory tests. When hearing is improved with hearing aids, the brain receives more information, making it easier to recall conversations and events. Put more simply, if you don’t hear what someone says, how can you remember it?   May Increase Cognition The diseases and disorders that underlie destructive cognitive changes can affect memory, thinking, decision-making, ambulation, and more. Research shows that untreated hearing loss may be one of the more prominent risk factors for impaired brain health. When hearing declines, the brain gets less stimulation, which may weaken important areas of it devoted to processing sensory inputs that help encode memories and perform other functions.   Studies suggest that people who wear hearing aids are less likely to exhibit symptoms of cognitive decline because their brains stay more engaged and may be able to rise above or work around the weakened regions of their gray matter.   Might Prevent Brain Shrinkage As people age, certain brain areas naturally shrink. However, brain scans show that hearing loss speeds up this shrinkage, especially in areas related to memory and language. Using hearing aids or other hearing supports keeps these areas active and may slow age-related changes over time.   Improves Focus and Attention Struggling to hear can make concentrating difficult, especially in noisy places. The brain works extra hard to make sense of sounds, leading to fatigue and trouble focusing. Better hearing reduces this strain, making staying alert and engaging in conversations or tasks easier.   Helps Social Connections Strong social connections are essential for brain health. Conversations and interactions keep the brain active and prevent loneliness. But people with hearing loss often withdraw from social events due to difficulty understanding speech. This isolation can lead to depression and cognitive decline. By improving hearing, people can stay more connected with family and friends, keeping their minds sharp.   Reduces Stress and Anxiety Hearing loss can cause frustration and stress. Struggling to understand people, missing out on conversations, or feeling left out can lead to anxiety and even depression. Hearing clearly makes people feel more confident in conversations, reducing stress and improving emotional well-being.   Supports Healthy Sleep Hearing loss can affect sleep quality. When the brain has to work harder to process sounds all day, it may stay in a heightened state of alertness, making relaxation and sleep more difficult. With improved hearing, the brain experiences less strain, leading to better rest and overall brain function.   Conclusion Hearing plays a significant role in brain health. From boosting memory to preventing brain shrinkage and improving social connections, better hearing helps keep the mind sharp and active. Scientists continue to study the connection between hearing and brain function, but the message is clear: Good hearing isn’t just about communication — it’s key to a strong and healthy brain. Keep up those good vibrations! Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Click to Watch | Dementia Horizons™ | Workshop 1 | Understanding Dementia Video Module [01] Transcript Let's start by ensuring you clearly understand what the term Dementia means. Dementia itself is not a disease. This may be new to you. This may also be confusing: if it's not a disease, what is it? Dementia is a common use description and acts as a comprehensive umbrella term for a set of symptoms caused by one or more underlying diseases or disorders. This is a lot to take in, so let's explore the term "umbrella" in a bit more detail. Let's consider the umbrella term "flowers." There are numerous types of flowers. They vary in color, size, and shape; have been assigned scientific names; and each variety sets the timing for when buds turn into flowers. Examples might be roses, lilies, carnations, tulips, and many more. They're all slightly different, but still all flowers. The same holds true for Dementia, which again is an umbrella term. There are over 100 different types of disorders and conditions that may present themselves as Dementia. Each type or cause of Dementia will have its own uniqueness, its own way of expressing itself in the person. We could also compare the term Dementia to the umbrella term "cancer." In medical circles, like Dementia, there is a scientific term for cancer, oncology. There are many different types or causes of cancer: lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, leukemia, et cetera. Each type of cancer is different. Not all cancers are related to one another, and each type of cancer has particular symptoms, treatments, and possible outcomes based on the person themselves, very similar to Dementia. [The medical term for Dementia is a "Major Neurocognitive Disorder"] Features of Dementia Different types of Dementia generally express a particular cluster or group of symptoms. Some symptoms are recognizable immediately, while others may be a bit more subtle, and we'd consider those as clues. Some symptoms may appear first, and others may follow later or be less severe in one cause than another. When taken together, these cognitive symptoms are officially known as a syndrome, which is commonly called Dementia. In the medical world, the various causes of Dementia, like cancer, are labeled with a more scientifically sounding term: major neurocognitive disorder. What qualifies a condition to rise to the level of a major neurocognitive disorder, in essence, Dementia? One: there is evidence of substantial cognitive decline from a previous level of cognitive performance. Two: the symptoms are sufficient to interfere with living independently. Three: the symptoms do not occur exclusively due to a case of delirium. Four: the symptoms are not primarily attributable to mental disorders, for example, a major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia. Because of cellular and structural changes in the brain, the disease or disorders that underlie the syndrome of Dementia can significantly impact a person's ability to perform everyday tasks and activities, making the person less independent and requiring help from others to get through the day. If there are significant cognitive changes, you may notice the following, more obvious symptoms: Someone having difficulty understanding what others are saying, a difficulty that is not related to hearing loss. Trouble using language, writing, or difficulty retrieving the right words or names of familiar objects or people. Changes in short-term memory: it may be hard to hold on to new information, prompting repeated questions or statements. Inappropriate reasoning and poor judgment. Difficulty comprehending visual surroundings and mixing up colors, patterns, and shapes. In addition, because the brain directs all aspects of our bodily functions, changes in muscle or motor ability may occur, including how one walks, controls one's bowel and bladder, and even swallows. As you now have learned, the symptoms that create the syndrome of Dementia are usually much more than memory loss. If one is aware and paying close attention, there are many clues to cognitive changes that are worth investigating with your healthcare provider, especially if they seem unusual, inappropriate, or excessive. Some more subtle clues include withdrawing from conversations or public gatherings, inappropriate laughing or crying, swearing, disinhibition or aggression, sleep issues or vivid dreams where the person physically acts out their dreams, apathy, hallucinations, or even a slight tremor. And ask yourself, are these changes in behavior, personality, movement, and thinking persistent, or getting worse? Unfortunately, at this time in our scientific understanding, Dementia is by definition progressive, and many of the underlying causes do not have a cure, so let's pause and recognize that some information is sensitive and challenging to hear and absorb. You are not alone. However, your journey is unique to you or the person living with Dementia. Getting educated, like you are now, and support is essential for this journey. Okay, let's take a break. Please pause the video now to digest all you have learned so far. When you're ready to move on, restart the program. Welcome back. Let's continue. Dementia is found in countries worldwide and has no political or wealth boundaries. Everyone who has a brain is at risk, but it is more prevalent in older adults because age is the number one risk factor. I want to stress that Dementia is not an average expectation of aging. While it is expected that age is the number one risk factor, and generally people live longer, it is never normal. Dementia can also occur in children due to over 70 rare genetic disorders, and when it starts in adults 65 years of age or younger, it is called young-onset Dementia. Let's take a moment to talk about a condition called mild cognitive impairment, or MCI. It is not considered Dementia. MCI is a modest decline in one or more cognitive abilities noticeable to the person, family, and friends. However, these minor changes do not generally interfere with day-to-day activities and the ability to live independently. It is a stage between the expected age-related decline in memory and thinking, and the more severe decline that takes place with Dementia. Some people living with MCI for a variety of reasons revert to their more expected baseline or their version of normal. To the casual observer, it may seem as if the person had their Dementia reversed or cured. This conclusion would be highly suspect. A far more practical explanation is that their cognitive impairments were caused by a treatable condition or that they made significant changes to their environment or lifestyle, which improved their overall brain health. That said, it's true that some people living with MCI will go on to develop Dementia. Now let's explore the five leading causes of Dementia. The first is Alzheimer's disease, a common form of Dementia characterized by abnormal protein deposits in the brain. The disease is named for Dr. Alois Alzheimer, who, in the early 1900s, first identified the hallmark pathology of a buildup of a sticky residue of beta-amyloid plaque between neurons, along with misfolded proteins called tau, which results in destructive tangled thread-like strands inside the structure of neurons. The first patient to be diagnosed by the doctor was a woman named August Dieter. After her death at the age of 55, Dr. Alzheimer examined her brain and reported his findings. One point to make here is that most people do not realize that scientific discoveries now point to the fact that Alzheimer's disease, as well as each of the other common forms of Dementia we're about to discuss, have subtypes. In essence, there's more than one type of Alzheimer's, for example. But that does not mean that all other causes of Dementia are related to Alzheimer's disease. That belief is medically incorrect, and all too often, people unknowingly misspeak and say Alzheimer's and related Dementias when they are referring broadly to Dementia or major neurocognitive disorders. Using just the word Dementia, especially in the non-medical realm of everyday use, usually works best as an umbrella term and is the most inclusive way to respectfully bring together all forms of Dementia. Said another way, Alzheimer's may cause Dementia, but not all causes of Dementia are Alzheimer's. One of the first classic clues of Alzheimer's disease is short-term memory loss. For example, a person will ask the same question over and over again, forgetting that others had answered them just minutes ago. A part of the brain, the hippocampus, responsible for recording new information and storing it in our working memory, starts to shrink. This critical structure loses volume and mass and becomes less functional, hindering the person's ability to store new information. A second cause is vascular dementia, also called, in more medical terms, cerebrovascular disease. This occurs with reduced blood flow to the brain, often due to mini-strokes or other vascular issues. A common feature is a difficulty processing information and planning, and a step-like progression of impairment. Lewy body Dementia is a third major cause. It is named for Dr. Frederick Lewy, who discovered microscopic malformed proteins in the brain that create abnormal deposits or bodies that affect thinking, behavior and mood. Vivid dreams, loss of motor control and hallucinations are common clues. The damaged brain proteins which contribute to the causes of Lewy body Dementia also occur in Parkinson's disease, and the two diseases are often considered two ends of the same spectrum. Frontotemporal Dementia, FTD, also known as frontotemporal degeneration, is a fourth cause affecting the brain's front and sides. This leads to significant and unusual personality, behavior, movement, and language changes. They can be socially inappropriate, impulsive, and lack emotional connections or empathy. The fifth significant condition is what we call mixed Dementia. This is a combination of Dementia pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease and vascular Dementia co-occurring. Each type or cause of Dementia shows slightly different changes in brain tissue and cognitive functioning. You may notice that a person may appear fine or normal from the outside, but fundamental changes occur within their brain cells and tissues. These changes can only be detected through advanced medical testing. To diagnose the root cause or causes, doctors are now combining in-person interviews and family histories with various screening tools and, if warranted, many different types of advanced brain scans and psychiatric and neuropsychological testing, as well as blood and spinal fluid tests, and may even include genetic testing. And yet, even after a diagnosis and despite the changes that come with Dementia, we are here to tell you that the quality of remaining life can be good and meaningful. But this takes work. It will require a willingness of family and friends to gain new knowledge and communication skills. As you engage with a person with Dementia, it's important to remember they cannot control what is happening to their brain. Their behaviors are not deliberate or manipulative. Seeing the person you love, who may look unchanged on the outside, exhibit challenging or unexpected behaviors can be emotionally difficult. However, the underlying truth is that they are undergoing profound neurological transformations and need your love and compassion. If you notice any changes in your loved one's cognitive abilities, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional. Timely identification and intervention of potentially reversible causes of cognitive impairment can substantially affect their well-being. While some conditions can be treatable, we also need to acknowledge a complicated truth. Most conditions underlying Dementia are unfortunately progressive and fatal. This can be a lot to absorb. Not all the information we share will be easy to hear. It will take time for the head and the heart to connect. Now, what are the key stages of Dementia? There are three main stages of Dementia, early, middle, and late. In the early stage of Dementia, individuals may exhibit subtle but noticeable changes in cognitive function. Memory lapses and difficulty recalling names or words become apparent. Routine tasks may take longer to complete, and organizational skills may decline. While these changes may be subtle, they can impact daily life. Individuals may also experience shifts in mood or personality, such as increased irritability or anxiety. Despite these challenges, individuals in the early stage of Dementia often maintain some level of independence, and may still engage in familiar activities. Early intervention support and understanding are crucial during this phase, to enhance the quality of life for both the individual and their caregivers. This is a necessary time to learn, identify resources, and plan for future changes and support. In the middle stage of Dementia, cognitive decline becomes more pronounced, and individuals require increased assistance with daily activities. Memory loss intensifies, and individuals may struggle to recognize familiar faces or places. Communication becomes more challenging with difficulties in expressing thoughts and understanding language. Behavioral changes, such as restlessness or distress, may become more apparent, and individuals often need assistance with basic tasks like dressing, eating, and personal hygiene. Mobility may be affected, leading to challenges in walking and balance. As a care partner, you must make greater adaptations to provide a safe and supportive environment. Middle-stage Dementia marks a critical period for you to expand your knowledge and seek additional support to navigate the evolving complexities of care. In the late stage of Dementia, individuals experience a significant decline in cognitive and physical functioning. They rely on others for daily care, including eating, dressing, and toileting. Communication becomes severely limited with minimal or no verbal abilities. Mobility is often lost, leading to a reliance on a wheelchair or bed. Swallowing difficulties may arise, increasing the risk of aspiration, which means food or fluid is inhaled into the lungs. Changes in behavior and personality persist. That said, the person at their very core remains. Some will say their soul remains. It is up to the people who surround them, care for them and love them to learn how to connect in different ways, such as music and touch. As the brain function continues to decline, individuals in the final stage of Dementia require attentive and compassionate end-of-life care. This stage emphasizes the importance of prioritizing comfort, sensory communication, and respecting the individual's final wishes, focusing on providing support and dignity during their last moments. Amidst all these changes and stages, the ability to receive love remains. Thank you for taking the time to become more knowledgeable. A clearer understanding of Dementia is essential in creating a compassionate, informed, and loving path forward. Again, thank you for joining me on your journey. Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Dementia Horizons™ | Workshop 2 | Communication Changes Video Module [02] Transcript Welcome. It's no surprise that your brain controls how and what you say and understand, but did you know that an area deep within the brain, the amygdala, is responsible for first sensing who is safe to communicate with, and who is not? From the beginning of time, this has been a skill required for survival. Imagine for a moment that someone suddenly walks into the room with a scowl on their face or a look of anger, disgust, or frustration. What is your first reaction? Without them saying a word, you may feel fearful and defensive, not wanting to engage immediately. This core part of your brain is working to protect you without effort on your part. Your brain quickly decides if this person is a friend or foe. Then, if the person starts to talk, your brain tries to figure out the meaning of the person's tone of voice. Do they sound angry, frustrated, kind, respectful, or inviting? Dealing with Communication Changes in Dementia People living with Dementia will respond to or believe what they see and hear. First words have less of an impact. In fact, this is true for all of us. Research indicates that we communicate mostly through our body language. Next comes our tone of voice and lastly, our words. So the first critical lesson is for you to look and sound safe, caring, loving, and respectful. That said, it is also important to be reminded that you are human, and it is not always easy to be loving 24 hours a day. It helps to take at least four slow deep breaths if you become frustrated. This heightened self-awareness of your communication style is particularly impactful as Dementia progresses towards the end of life. It is also essential to understand that the diseases and disorders that manifest as the progressive symptoms which we call Dementia, bring anatomical and cellular changes to various parts of the brain that affect communication differently over time. As the individual enters each stage of their Dementia journey, you may notice some or all of the following changes: Difficulty starting or following conversations, therefore, withdrawing from situations that require social interactions. Repeating the same questions, not having processed your answers. Struggling to find or retrieve words or names of people, places, and common objects. Difficulty juggling a conversation with multiple people in the room. Hearing sounds and talking to people that don't exist. Mixing fragments of words, an inability to follow written or verbal directions, and towards the end of life, language may be limited to just a few responses. So what can you do to help communicate more effectively? There are several guidelines that we recommend. Please note that some may not be intuitive. You are learning a new skill. Now, let's look at a few of the guidelines. First, keep in mind that the individual's brain is changing. Do not take their responses to you personally, if they are accusatory, do not make sense to you, or seem irrational. Pay attention to the environment. Excessive background noise and clutter can interrupt the person's ability to focus and pay attention. So turn off or lower the TV or radio, if possible. Keep the room or space uncluttered. Position yourself at eye level so that the person can see your eyes. It's been said that they are the window to the soul, and they greatly impact our ability to connect with one another. Speak calmly, more slowly, and at an audio level the person can hear. Remember that your tone of voice plays a big part in how your communications are perceived. Avoid stacking questions one on top of the other in rapid succession. Wait for the person to respond to one question at a time. When the individual needs to decide on something, provide simple choices. Instead of saying, what do you want for lunch? Say, would you like a ham and cheese sandwich or a bowl of soup? If there is difficulty understanding your words, then show them the slice of ham, a piece of cheese or a can of soup. The idea is to support their dignity and choice, because the part of the brain that controls rational thinking can become impaired. Avoid trying to convince or argue your point, when their reality is altered in their mind. What they think or believe is very true to them. Arguing will only cause frustration, anger, and more anxiety. For both of you, pause and think. Are these issues we are discussing really that important? Consider going with the flow. Here's an example. A wife who is a retired art teacher and is living with Dementia looks at the sky and says, "What a beautiful purple sky." The husband in return sees the sky as brilliant blue, and corrects her saying, "Honey, don't you see it's blue, not purple? How could you say that, you are an art teacher for gosh sakes?" After that, the wife stops talking. She feels embarrassed and afraid to make a mistake. Mistake . Instead, it would've been more supportive and loving to say, "Yes, it's a beautiful day." Here are a few other ways to foster good communications. Introduce yourself first by name. Don't quiz the person, forcing them to try and come up with your name. That causes frustration. Just like you and me, people living with Dementia don't always perform at their best when they are hungry or tired, memory and communication worsen with these circumstances. Recognize when this is happening so you can respond appropriately. If the person asks the same question repeatedly, respond like it's the first time. You can also shift to another activity or topic or another room to potentially alter their questions and redirect the conversation. Use words that show respect and dignity. For example, use adult words like a napkin instead of a bib, toilet instead of the potty, et cetera. Smile more frequently, and say thank you. Don't focus on what the person may do as wrong. Compliment them for trying. Even if the laundry was folded up in a ball, say, "Thank you so much for helping me." Overall, the main point is to interact and communicate with compassion and empathy. So what is empathy? Empathy is the ability to understand and recognize how someone is feeling. It's your ability to set aside your own thoughts and feelings to see things from someone else's point of view. Understanding how people living with Dementia perceive their world allows you to be more empathetic. Empathy conveys safety and an effort to comprehend. This allows for real connection and trust. And trust encourages cooperation. Without empathy, people may experience increased resistance, and may be less willing to work with you. You can practice using empathy by slowing down and observing the person's feelings through their body language, facial gestures, and tone of voice. Pay attention to see if you can identify confusion, anger, pain, unmet need, or even better, joy or contentment. This practice will give you a deeper, more meaningful connection with others. Empathy is also a statement of reassurance and validation. It says, "I hear you. I recognize how you may be feeling." It may sound like "I sense that you are scared, but you are safe with me", or "You seem upset. I'm so sorry that this is happening to you." As Dementia progresses, rational thoughts and spoken or written words become less effective. When this happens, look for things to do together, that don't require conversation or a right or wrong answer. For example, engage in sensory experiences like listening to or singing to music, drawing or painting, reading poetry, or getting outside for a breath of fresh air. Recognize that your relationship with your loved one is not over. It's just changing. Look for new ways to connect and enjoy your time together. To quote author and family therapist, Virginia Satir, "Life's not the way it's supposed to be. It's the way it is, and the way you respond to life that makes the difference." As you reflect on what was covered in this video, plan to put the following into practice. Focus, take at least four slow, deep breaths to help you keep calm. If the conversation becomes difficult, pay attention to your words, what you may be saying through your physical actions and tone of voice. Ask, what and how am I communicating? Do I appear and sound loving and trustworthy or frustrated and angry? Complete a so-called self scan. Look at your entire being. Your thoughts and feelings influence how you see the situation. In conclusion, I hope you feel more equipped with practical tips to enhance your communication style. By prioritizing how we communicate, we cultivate deeper relationships and build stronger connections with the people that matter most to us. You have taken a great step forward to help yourself and others. Thank you for joining me today. Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Video Module [3] Transcript Welcome. Planning ahead for medical, legal and financial concerns helps ensure that wishes are honored, and affairs are well-managed. And in situations that may involve cognitive impairment, preparation is crucial. Planning is essential because having cognitive changes that are out of the normal range for your age, education, and life experiences may impact your decision-making about estate and end-of-life plans down the road. So let's first start with a brief overview, so you can better understand the different types of cognitive issues. When doctors refer to cognitive impairments, they generally categorize them as either minor or major impairments. Major impairments are significant, and often fall under the big umbrella we call Dementia. In addition, there's a point to consider: minor cognitive impairment, often called MCI, is also different from normal age-related cognitive changes. Let's explain. Age-related cognitive changes are considered less severe than minor cognitive impairment, and may involve trouble finding words or remembering names as quickly, taking longer to solve relatively simple math problems, or difficulty juggling multiple appointments in a single day. Examples include: "I can't recall our neighbor's last name. I have to look it up or it comes to me, but like an hour later." "I just can't seem to add the proper tip on a restaurant bill anymore." or "It's harder to go anywhere without my GPS." However, if you or your loved one are experiencing these types of minor cognitive challenges, it is still important to talk with a doctor early on, and consider a cognitive screening to get what's called a baseline assessment. You want to know several things: Is it normal aging, or are the difficulties related to stress, depression, infection, medication, or other common causes of changes in thinking? That said, if a person is diagnosed with a bit more advanced condition, it may be called minor cognitive impairment. So what does that exactly mean? Minor cognitive impairment is the in-between stage between the expected decline in memory and thinking, which usually happens as we age, and the more severe syndrome of Dementia. Although a person can progress from MCI to Dementia with MCI, impairments with memory, language, or judgment, et cetera, are generally not sufficient enough to require assistance with the activities of daily living, like dressing, eating, bathing, running a household, decision-making, and more. MCI may remain stable over time depending on the nature of the cause or causes. So you may be asking yourself, what exactly is Dementia? In brief, Dementia results from biological changes to brain tissue typically caused by one or more neurocognitive diseases or disorders. Dementia is not a disease itself. Instead, it is a syndrome, a group of many progressive symptoms. In medical terms, Dementia is officially labeled as a major neurocognitive disorder, NCD. Generally speaking, the diseases and disorders that underlie the symptoms substantially affect our ability to perform activities of daily living, including rational and reasonable decision-making. Getting Help with Legal and Financial Matters Let me be clear, no matter your age or health status, it's always good to think through your legal, health and financial wishes sooner rather than later, while you can still be considered to have the capacity to make decisions on your own. And that's why you're here to learn about the steps you can take. Different types of legal professionals can assist with creating advanced directives and important estate documents. Most notable are estate planning attorneys and those attorneys specializing in elder law. Now, let's discuss advanced directives . Especially when concerning healthcare aspects of your life, advanced directives are documents allowing individuals to express their preferences, values, and treatment choices, in case of incapacitation. Incapacitation is when an individual lacks the mental capacity to make informed decisions. When someone is incapacitated, they may be unable to understand the nature and consequences of the document they are signing. In the context of Dementia, where cognitive capacities diminish over time, advanced directives become invaluable tools for ensuring that one's wishes are respected, even when the ability to communicate or make decisions is slowly compromised. Next, let's discuss powers of attorney . There are both durable and non-durable powers of attorney, also known as a P-O-A. A non-durable POA is used primarily for singular transactions or purposes like selling property, or opening and closing a bank account. However, when there is a progressive health condition such as Dementia, consider establishing a durable power of attorney for healthcare, sometimes called a healthcare proxy, to ensure continuity in decision-making, even as capacities recede. As the name suggests, it endures and is used for more than one transaction or representation. You may decide to have just one individual represent you in all aspects of your life, or you may elect to have separate individuals focus on particular decision-making. Living wills : a living will allows you to outline medical treatment preferences, life support, and end-of-life care. It permits you to state your choices regarding resuscitation, feeding tubes, and other medical interventions, specify under what circumstances you would want, or not want, certain treatments. Here are some additional suggestions for documents and actions you may wish to consider. Your will : draft or update your will to ensure the assets of your estate are distributed according to your wishes. Trusts : consider creating a trust to manage and distribute assets of the estate equitably, and so that funds are made available to help your beneficiaries, timed to their future financial needs. Guardianship : If you have dependents, consider designating a guardian who will care for them in case you are no longer able to do so. Medical history : gather information for healthcare providers and maintain a comprehensive record of medications, surgeries, allergies, treatments, and next-of-kin and responsible parties' contact information. Include any family medical histories of individuals like parents, siblings, grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins, that have had particular conditions or disorders you're aware of. Although sensitive and emotionally complex, include, if able and willing, any knowledge you have of adoptions or familial connections that others may be unaware of . Those insights might provide clues to a diagnosis or guide future healthcare decisions, if you are unable to share that information due to a decline in cognition. In addition, review your finances and insurance coverages , and consult professionals for guidance on managing resources effectively. Take stock of your current financial situation, including assets, debts, income sources, and insurance policies. Also, if you or your loved one is a military veteran, there may be benefits worth exploring. Sooner rather than later, investigate long-term care insurance options, to help cover potential costs associated with Dementia care at home or in a long-term care community. If available, it may be worth considering policies that combine life and long-term care coverage. Periodically review and update your legal insurance and financial plans , especially if there are changes in your health, family structure or financial situation. Openly communicate wishes and plans in the legal documents with family members and the designated individuals. Ensure that those involved know the preferences and have copies of relevant documents , when durable and non-durable powers of attorney documents, as well as other important estate or advanced directive documents are created. Whether for medical, legal, or financial decision making, you should produce several signed copies. Keep them secure, yet make them easy to find for those acting on your behalf, if they don't already have copies. Consider a document pouch that may help protect them from being inadvertently misplaced, consumed by fire or destroyed in a flood, if needed later on, to perform bank transactions or other essential duties. The POA may need to provide an original document, but always make sure they are returned if possible, once viewed for authenticity and confirmation. Today, there may be ways to use an app on a smartphone that can help digitally scan the documents as a backup, but the originals should be closely guarded. In addition, it's relatively common for folks to put a specially marked container or vial inside the refrigerator that provides first responders and others with the basic whereabouts of critical advanced directives , one's medical needs in an emergency, and possible allergies. If you or your care partner are headed to the hospital, having copies of those papers readily found, so that they can be taken with you, may save time, effort, and heartache, should wishes not be followed for lack of clear direction. Lastly, on this point, consider wearing an ID band of some kind on your wrist or placing one on your care partner to help first responders and others obtain more information. Presently, when it comes to advanced directives, many healthcare systems and hospitals are getting proactive and initiating and encouraging them to be created, shared, and stored securely with them beforehand. Check with your trusted professionals and local medical providers to see if such a program exists in your area. In conclusion, when facing the potential for Dementia or other cognitive impairments, it involves thoughtful consideration, clear communication, and guidance from legal, medical, financial, and insurance professionals. Take action today and reach out for help creating or updating your important estate documents and advanced directives. Thank you for joining me, and I hope you found this information helpful. It was my pleasure to be with you. Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. 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