The words we use to talk about memory and thinking problems matter. Terms like dementia, senile, and cognitive impairment have changed over time. Today, experts choose words more carefully to be accurate and respectful. What Does “Dementia” Mean? The word dementia comes from Latin and means “out of one’s mind.” Long ago, people used it in a general way to describe serious mental problems. Today, doctors use it more specifically. Dementia is not a single disease. It is a group of symptoms that affect memory, thinking, and daily life. Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most common causes, but there are many others. Dementia is not a normal part of aging, even though it happens more often in older adults. Some doctors now use the term major neurocognitive disorder. This is a more formal name, but many people still use the word "dementia" because it is widely understood. Why “Senile” Is No Longer Used The word senile comes from Latin, meaning “old age.” In the past, people used phrases like “senile dementia” to describe memory loss in older adults. Today, this term is considered outdated. It can be misleading because it suggests that memory loss is just part of getting older. We now know that serious memory problems are caused by diseases, not just age. Also, the word senile can sound negative or disrespectful. Because of this, doctors and advocates avoid using it. What Is “Cognitive Impairment”? Cognitive impairment is a broad and neutral term. It means a person is having trouble with thinking skills like memory, attention, or problem-solving. This term can describe different levels of difficulty. For example, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) involves small changes in thinking that do not significantly affect daily life. Some people with MCI may develop dementia later, but not everyone does. Because it is general and less harsh, “cognitive impairment” is often used in both healthcare and everyday conversations. What Language Should We Use Today? Today, experts encourage person-centered language. This means putting the person first and using respectful words. For example: Say “person living with dementia” instead of “demented person.” Use “cognitive impairment” when talking about symptoms Avoid words like “senile.” The goal is to be clear, kind, and respectful. Conclusion Words shape how we think about people and health. While dementia is still a common and useful term, senile is no longer appropriate. Cognitive impairment is a broader, more neutral term. As we learn more about brain health, our language continues to improve—helping us show respect and understanding for those affected. Sources National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke – Dementias Johns Hopkins Medicine – Dementia APA Dictionary of Psychology – Dementia Etymonline – Origin of “dementia.” ASHA – Dementia Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Dementia and cognitive decline, the significant loss of memory and other brain functions, are serious challenges for people as they get older. Many scientists once thought that there was little people could do to prevent Dementia. But a major research study called FINGER has given new hope. It showed that changes in everyday habits may protect the brain and might slow cognitive decline in older adults. What Is the FINGER Study? The FINGER study is shorthand for the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability. It was a long-term research trial that began in 2009 in Finland and brought together scientists from universities and research institutes in Finland and Sweden. The main goal was to test whether lifestyle changes could help protect older adults’ brains. The study involved about 1,260 participants between the ages of 60 and 77, all of whom were at increased risk of Dementia but did not yet have major memory problems. They were chosen from the general community and randomly assigned to two groups: one that received special lifestyle support and another that received regular health advice. What Did Participants Do? The group that received the intervention participated in a multifaceted lifestyle program focused on several areas of life important for brain health. This means that, rather than changing just one thing, such as diet or exercise, the program helped people improve several types of habits at once. Here’s what participants in the intervention group did: Nutrition Guidance: They followed a healthy eating plan based on Nordic nutrition recommendations. This included lots of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein, and healthy fats. Physical Activity: Participants were encouraged to do regular exercise, including cardiovascular (heart-healthy) activities, strength training, and balance exercises. Cognitive Training: They did brain exercises designed to keep memory, thinking speed, and problem-solving skills sharp. Management of Health Risks: Their cardiovascular health, like blood pressure, glucose (sugar), and cholesterol, was regularly monitored and managed. Social Engagement: Group activities and trainings naturally encouraged social interaction, which is linked to better mental health. In contrast, the control group received standard health advice that people normally get from health care providers. What Did the FINGER Study Find? After two years, researchers measured participants’ cognitive function — how well they could think, remember, and solve problems — using a detailed test called the Neuropsychological Test Battery (NTB). Here’s what they found: The group that followed the lifestyle program showed about 25% greater improvement in overall cognition. When breaking it down by skill type: Executive Function, which helps with planning and decision-making, improved much more in the lifestyle group. Processing Speed, how fast someone can think and respond, improved significantly more too. Complex memory tasks also showed greater improvement in the lifestyle group compared with the control group. These results show that multiple healthy behaviors together were more effective at supporting brain health than regular health advice alone. Why the FINGER Study Matters The FINGER study was one of the first large clinical trials to show that lifestyle changes can prevent or delay cognitive decline in people at risk for Dementia. It changed the way scientists think about brain aging by proving that regular habits, not just medicine, can help protect the brain. Because of its success, researchers around the world are now creating new studies based on the FINGER model, sometimes called the World-Wide FINGERS Network. These follow-up studies test similar programs in different countries and cultures to see whether the results hold true for more people. The findings are powerful because they suggest that it is possible to take action against cognitive decline, even later in life. Healthy lifestyle changes may help reduce the risk of Dementia and improve thinking skills in older age. What This Means for You The FINGER study teaches us that our day-to-day choices — like eating well, staying physically active, exercising our minds, watching our blood pressure, and staying socially connected — are all part of keeping our brains healthier as we age. These ideas don’t require medicines. There are things that almost anyone can start doing with the right support and information. Here are reliable sources where you can read more: Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study (official project page) — fbhi.se: overview and results. (FBHI - FINGERS Brain Health Institute) Original FINGER trial published in The Lancet (2015) — randomized controlled trial. (The Lancet) THL research project page on FINGER, including intervention details. (THL) World-Wide FINGERS Network review on global impact and future studies. (ScienceDirect) Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

See below for the Word Search answers from this issue of Better Brain Nation! We hope you enjoyed this word search puzzle.

Dr. Junyue Cao, Rockefeller University The human brain is incredibly complex. It controls how we think, feel, move, and remember. Yet, despite years of research, scientists are still working to understand what happens when the brain begins to fail in diseases like Alzheimer’s and other forms of Dementia. One scientist making important progress in this area is Junyue Cao, Ph.D., of Rockefeller University. Dr. Cao focuses on understanding the brain at its most basic level: individual cells. Every brain is made up of billions of cells, and each one has a specific job. Some help us store memories, others send signals that control movement, and others support overall brain health. When these cells stop working properly, it can lead to serious conditions like Alzheimer’s disease. What makes Dr. Cao and his research stand out is his close attention to these cells. Instead of looking at the brain as a whole, he examines individual cells one at a time. This approach gives scientists a much clearer picture of what is happening inside the brain. It’s like looking at each piece of a puzzle rather than trying to guess the full picture from a distance. At Rockefeller University , Dr. Cao leads a lab that has developed powerful new tools to study cells in detail. These tools allow researchers to examine thousands—even millions—of cells at once. By doing this, they can identify different types of brain cells and understand how they change over time. This is especially important for neurobiology, the study of how the brain works. The brain is not made up of just one kind of cell. Instead, it contains many different types, each playing a unique role. Dr. Cao’s research helps scientists map out these different cell types in the brain and understand how they interact with one another. So why does this matter for diseases like Alzheimer’s? Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of Dementia develop slowly over time. Long before symptoms like memory loss appear, changes are already happening inside the brain. Certain cells may become damaged, stop communicating properly, or even die. But until recently, it has been difficult to pinpoint exactly which cells are affected first and how these changes unfold. Dr. Cao’s research is helping to answer these questions. By studying individual brain cells, his team can track how cells change as people age and how those changes relate to disease. This allows scientists to identify patterns that may signal the early stages of Alzheimer’s or other causes of Dementia. For example, his work has shown that aging itself plays a major role in brain health. As we grow older, the balance of cells in the brain can shift. Some cells may become less active, while others may behave in unusual ways. These changes can create conditions that make diseases like Alzheimer’s more likely to develop. Understanding these early changes is key. If scientists can detect problems before symptoms appear, they may be able to develop treatments that slow down or even prevent the disease. Dr. Cao’s research is helping move the field in that direction. His work may also have an impact beyond Alzheimer’s disease. Other forms of Dementia, such as frontotemporal Dementia or Lewy body Dementia, also involve changes in brain cells. By creating detailed maps of how cells behave in healthy and aging brains, Dr. Cao’s research could provide insights into a range of conditions. In addition, his work is helping scientists understand how the brain develops and changes throughout life. This broader knowledge is important because it provides a baseline for what “normal” brain aging looks like. Once scientists understand that, they can more easily identify what goes wrong in a disease. Dr. Cao is also exploring how lifestyle factors affect brain health. He has received a grant from the Dementia Society of America , through its research partnership with the Brain Research Foundation , to study the impact of caloric restriction on the brain. Caloric restriction means reducing calorie intake while still maintaining proper nutrition. In animal studies, this approach has been shown to support healthier aging, including in the brain. Animals that consume fewer calories often show better memory and fewer signs of age-related decline. However, scientists still do not fully understand why this happens. Dr. Cao’s research aims to uncover how caloric restriction affects brain cells. By studying these changes at the cellular level, his team hopes to understand what makes the brain more resilient as it ages. This research could have important implications for humans. If scientists can identify the processes that protect brain cells, they may be able to develop new treatments or lifestyle recommendations that reduce the risk of Dementia. While there is still much to learn about Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases, researchers like Dr. Cao are bringing us closer to answers. His work shows that by studying the smallest parts of the brain—individual cells—we can gain powerful insights into some of the biggest challenges in medicine. In the future, this research could lead to earlier diagnoses, better treatments, and perhaps even ways to prevent Dementia altogether. For now, it offers something just as important: hope. For Further Information: Rockefeller University. Junyue Cao Laboratory Overview.   Cao, J. et al. Research on single-cell analysis and aging. Nature Genetics. ScienceDaily. New methods for tracking cell changes over time. Technology Networks. Innovations in identifying rare brain cell types. Fisher Center for Alzheimer’s Research Foundation: Interview with Dr. Junyue Cao. Brain Research Foundation & Dementia Society of America. Grant information on caloric restriction and brain health. General scientific literature on caloric restriction and healthy brain aging in animal studies. Disclaimer:  Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Two people walking on a path, one with a cane. When someone you love is living with Dementia, questions about medications often come quickly: Is there anything that can slow this down? What helps with memory? What about agitation or hallucinations? Are these medications safe? The answers depend on the type of Dementia and the symptoms a person is experiencing. While no medication cures Dementia, some treatments can modestly slow progression in certain forms of Alzheimer’s disease, and others can help manage symptoms that affect quality of life. Let’s walk through what families should know. Medications That May Slow Alzheimer’s Disease In recent years, new treatments have become available for people in the earliest symptomatic stages of Alzheimer’s disease — specifically those with 1) mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer’s or mild Alzheimer’s Dementia, and 2) confirmed amyloid buildup in the brain. Two FDA-approved medications — lecanemab (Leqembi®) and donanemab (Kisunla®) — are designed to reduce amyloid plaques in the brain. Clinical trials show they can modestly slow cognitive decline, though they do not stop or reverse the disease. These medications are given by intravenous infusion and require careful monitoring, including regular MRI scans. A key risk is something called ARIA (amyloid-related imaging abnormalities), which may involve brain swelling or small bleeds visible on MRI. In rare cases, ARIA can be serious. These treatments are not appropriate for everyone and require evaluation by a specialist. Families considering them should have detailed conversations about eligibility, risks, benefits, monitoring, and cost. Medications That Help With Memory and Thinking For many years, the mainstay of Dementia treatment has been medications that help with symptoms — particularly memory and thinking. Cholinesterase Inhibitors, which include Donepezil (Aricept®), Rivastigmine (Exelon®), and Galantamine (Razadyne®) These drugs increase a brain chemical called acetylcholine, which helps with memory and learning. They are commonly used in: Alzheimer’s disease Dementia with Lewy bodies Parkinson’s disease Dementia Sometimes mixed Dementia These medications may provide modest improvements or stabilization in memory, attention, and daily functioning for a period of time. Common side effects can include nausea, diarrhea, decreased appetite, weight loss, dizziness, and in some cases slowed heart rate. Because of this, regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is important. Memantine (Namenda®) Memantine works differently: it helps regulate a brain chemical called glutamate, which, in high amounts, can damage brain cells. It is typically used in moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease, sometimes along with donepezil. It may help with cognition and daily functioning. Side effects are generally mild but can include dizziness, confusion, and headache. It’s important to remember that these medications do not stop disease progression. Instead, they may help maintain abilities for a time. Differences Across Dementia Types Not all Dementias respond the same way to medications. Lewy Body Dementia and Parkinson’s Disease Dementia People living with Lewy body-related Dementias, including Dementia associated with Parkinson's disease, often respond particularly well to cholinesterase inhibitors, especially for cognitive symptoms and sometimes hallucinations. However, they can be extremely sensitive to certain medications, particularly older antipsychotics such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine) and haloperidol (Haldol) . These drugs may worsen movement symptoms or cause severe reactions. Medication decisions in Lewy body Dementia require extra caution. Vascular Dementia There is no medication proven to slow vascular Dementia specifically. The most important treatment approach is aggressive management of vascular risk factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, cholesterol, and stroke risk. When Alzheimer’s pathology is also present (mixed Dementia), Alzheimer’s medications may still be helpful. Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) In FTD, memory medications generally do not help and may sometimes worsen behavior. Instead, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which are antidepressant medications, are commonly used as the first-line pharmacological treatment for behavioral symptoms in Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD), particularly the behavioral variant (bvFTD) . These medications, such as sertraline (Zoloft), are generally safe and well tolerated in older adults, and can be beneficial for mood, impulsivity, irritability, or compulsive behaviors. Managing Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms Agitation, anxiety, depression, hallucinations, sleep disruption, and paranoia are common in Dementia. Before turning to medication, it’s essential to look for underlying causes: Pain Infection Constipation Medication side effects Environmental stress Hunger, dehydration, or poor sleep Non-drug approaches are always the first step. When medication is needed: Antidepressants (especially SSRIs)  may help with depression, anxiety, or irritability. Sleep medications should be used cautiously. Brexpiprazole (Rexulti®)  is FDA-approved specifically for agitation associated with Alzheimer’s Dementia. A Word About Antipsychotics Antipsychotics are sometimes prescribed for severe agitation, aggression, or psychosis. However, families should be aware of significant risks. The FDA has issued a boxed warning  stating that antipsychotics increase the risk of death in older adults with Dementia-related psychosis. They are also associated with increased risk of stroke, sedation, falls, worsening confusion, and movement side effects. Because of these risks: They should be used only when symptoms are severe or dangerous. The lowest effective dose should be used. Treatment should be regularly reassessed. Attempts to reduce or stop the medication should be made when possible. In Lewy body Dementia, extreme caution is required. Families should feel comfortable asking: What symptom is this medication targeting? What benefits should we expect? What are the risks? When will we reassess? The Bottom Line No medication cures Dementia. Some treatments may modestly slow early Alzheimer’s disease. Others help manage symptoms that affect safety and quality of life. Medication decisions should always be individualized, regularly reviewed, and paired with non-drug strategies and strong caregiver support. If you have questions about Dementia medications, talk with your healthcare provider or a Dementia specialist. Knowledge helps families make informed, confident decisions. Sources U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA). Approval announcements for lecanemab (Leqembi®) , donanemab (Kisunla®) , and brexpiprazole (Rexulti®) . National Institute on Aging (NIA). “How Is Alzheimer’s Disease Treated?” Alzheimer’s Association. “Medications for Memory, Cognition & Behavior.” British Association for Psychopharmacology. Guidelines for anti-Dementia drugs. Lewy Body Dementia Association. Treatment guidance. New England Journal of Medicine. Trial of pimavanserin in Dementia-related psychosis. JAMA Neurology ; BMJ . Studies on antipsychotic risks in Dementia. Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Polls and surveys help the Dementia Society serve those most in need. Findings: Dementia Society of America Reveals 82% of Americans Agree People Living with Dementia Can Live Meaningful Lives with Proper Care DOYLESTOWN, PA, UNITED STATES, March 12, 2026 /EINPresswire.com/ — A new national poll by Dementia Society of America® finds that 82% of Americans with experience related to Dementia believe people living with the syndrome can still live meaningful lives with the right care and support. The poll surveyed 1,465 individuals and revealed a strong public consensus on the importance of education, supportive care, and non-medical engagement for those living with Dementia. Notably, 98% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that Dementia education is essential for providing effective support. Kevin Jameson, Founder and CEO of Dementia Society of America, speaks to the mandate for increased resources “The data shows a strong public mandate for increased resources and training for those navigating the complexities of Dementia,” said Kevin Jameson, Founder and CEO of Dementia Society of America. “While Dementia remains one of our greatest healthcare challenges, these results point to a growing sense of hope. With 82% believing a meaningful life is possible with the right support, the mission of Dementia Society and other organizations is clearer than ever. We remain committed to bridging the gap between medical care and the human connection found through music, art, and specialized education.” Kevin Jameson continued, “We are deeply grateful to our donors and partners, whose support enables us to serve individuals and families in need.” Key findings of the Dementia Society poll include: A majority of respondents, 82%, strongly agree or agree that a person living with Dementia can live a meaningful life with the right support. The vast majority of respondents, nearly 98%, identify Dementia as one of the most significant healthcare challenges of our time. Non-medical therapies, including music and art, are viewed by 87% of people as playing an important role in supporting those living with Dementia. More than 98% say Dementia education is critical to providing supportive care, a priority for Kevin Jameson and the Dementia Society of America. About Dementia Society of America Dementia Society of America® is a volunteer-driven 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization dedicated to creating Dementia and brain health awareness, advancing research, and enriching the lives of those facing Dementia in all its forms. Led by Founder and CEO Kevin Jameson, the Dementia Society of America supports individuals, families, and caregivers through education, advocacy, and non-medical life-enrichment programs, including art, music, touch, and movement. Learn more at DementiaSociety.org. Media Inquiries Dementia Society of America info@dementiasociety.org 1-800-DEMENTIA® Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

In this post, we'll explore the two main types of clinical research and how each type contributes to advancements in Dementia care. What is Clinical Research? Clinical research is the process scientists use to learn more about health, illness, and how to treat or prevent disease. This type of research involves real people — not just animals or cells in a lab. It helps doctors and scientists figure out what works, what doesn’t, and why. According to the NIH, clinical research can fall into two big categories: clinical trials  and observational studies . We'll talk about each type of study and how it contributes to advances in Dementia treatment. What Is a Clinical Trial (Interventional Study)? A clinical trial is a type of research study where scientists give participants a specific treatment or intervention  to see what effect it has. Because someone must receive something new or different, these studies are also called interventional trials. In a clinical trial: Researchers decide what treatment or therapy people will receive. Some participants might get a new drug, device, therapy, or approach. Others might get a standard treatment or a placebo (a “fake” treatment used for comparison). Scientists then measure differences between groups to learn if the new thing helped, didn’t help, or caused side effects. This kind of research is how doctors find out if a new treatment actually works . Example of an Interventional Trial— A Dementia Drug Trial One well-known example from Dementia research is the lecanemab trial . This clinical trial tested whether a new drug could slow the progression of early Alzheimer’s disease. In the study, people with mild memory loss or early Dementia were randomly assigned to receive either lecanemab or a placebo. Scientists then checked whether the drug group showed slower cognitive decline than the placebo group. This is the kind of trial that helps the FDA (the U.S. Food and Drug Administration) decide whether a treatment should be approved for wider use. What Is an Observational Study? An observational study is also a form of clinical research, but scientists do not assign treatments or change anything in participants' lives. Instead, they watch and measure what already happens naturally . In an observational study: People continue with their regular medical care. Researchers collect data — like health measurements, behaviors, and outcomes. The goal is to see patterns  and relationships  that could help us understand risk factors, disease progression, or caregiving effects. Because observational studies do not change treatment, they don’t prove cause and effect the way interventional trials do. Instead, they help scientists find clues  about what might be linked to disease or health. Example — Dementia Observation Research A famous example is the Religious Orders Study , which follows older adults, such as nuns and priests, over many years. Participants have regular health and memory checks, and sometimes agree to donate their brains after death for scientific study. This long-term data helps researchers understand how aging affects the brain and why some people develop Dementia while others don’t. Another long-term observational study is the Nun Study , which examined how lifestyle, education, and early-life experiences might relate to Dementia risk. These kinds of studies don’t test a new drug or treatment. Instead, they help researchers spot patterns and potential risk factors that could inform future clinical trials. So What’s the Real Difference? At a basic level: Clinical trials (interventional studies)  test whether something new works — like a treatment or therapy. Observational studies   watch what happens naturally  without assigning treatments. Both are important, but they serve different purposes: Study Type What Happens? What It Answers Clinical Trial (Interventional) Participants receive a specific treatment or intervention chosen by researchers Does the new treatment work? Does it cause benefits or harm? Observational Study Participants are watched over time without changing care What patterns exist? What factors might  relate to disease or outcomes? For example, observational studies might identify that exercise and a healthy diet are linked to lower Dementia risk. But only clinical trials can test  whether a structured exercise program actually prevents Dementia. Why Both Types Matter in Dementia and Dementia Care Observational studies can help scientists understand how Dementia develops, how caregivers are affected, and what lifestyle factors influence health. They often involve surveys, brain tests, medical records, or long-term follow-ups. Clinical trials can provide evidence about interventions — like new medicines, caregiving training, or therapy programs — to see if they improve outcomes  for people with Dementia or their caregivers. Together, these approaches give a fuller picture: what might help people stay healthy, how disease actually progresses, and whether new approaches truly make a difference. Want to Learn More? Here are some trusted sources for deeper exploration: NIH Clinical Trials Basics ( ClinicalTrials.gov )   National Alzheimer’s & Dementia Clinical Research Info   Massachusetts Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center resources  on observational vs. clinical studies Understanding clinical research helps people make smart decisions about joining studies, supporting loved ones, and learning how science works. Whether you’re curious about new treatments or want to understand risk factors better, there’s a research study out there designed to learn more — and maybe even help shape the future of Dementia care. In a future post, we'll outline what you and your loved ones can do to help further the advancements in research by participating in clinical research. Stay tuned! Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Check out this issue of Better Brain Nation! Regular physical activity and participating in a full social life can really provide benefits to your brain. We delve into these topics further in the latest issue of Better Brain Nation. Read here. Bodies in Motion In Motion Can Sharpen Your Mind , we learn that regular physical movement is a powerful, accessible tool for lifelong brain health. Exercise increases blood flow, oxygen, and nutrients to the brain, stimulates the growth of new neurons, and boosts BDNF, a protein essential for memory, learning, and resilience against cognitive decline. Physical activity protects executive function, slows aging-related decline, improves mood, reduces stress, and enhances sleep. Movement also supports neuroplasticity by challenging the brain to adapt, especially through activities requiring coordination or learning. When combined with social interaction, its benefits multiply. Across all ages, consistent, enjoyable movement strengthens cognitive performance, emotional balance, and overall mental vitality. In Better Together: How Social Mingling Improves Brain Health , we learn that social connection plays a vital role in maintaining brain health throughout life. Engaging with others exercises memory, language, and emotional centers of the brain, helping people think more clearly and potentially slow cognitive decline. Research shows that loneliness increases stress, anxiety, poor sleep, and the risk of cognitive impairment. Even brief social interactions can boost mood and mental function. Strong friendships provide emotional resilience, releasing feel-good brain chemicals and aiding stress recovery. Group activities further enhance memory, focus, and purpose. Small acts of kindness and listening help build meaningful bonds. Ultimately, staying socially connected supports sharper thinking, emotional well-being, and a healthier brain at any age. But wait, there's more! Click here to see everything included in this issue. Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Regular physical activity provides multiple benefits for your brain. In a world increasingly shaped by digital screens and sedentary routines, the value of physical movement goes far beyond toned muscles or a healthy heart. Modern research and clinical observations reveal a compelling link between regular physical activity and long-term brain health. Moving your body, whether through walking, dancing, or another type of physical activity, is among the most potent tools available to support cognitive function, stave off neurological decline, and manage stress.   The Brain on the Move The human brain is a dynamic organ that thrives on stimulation and oxygen-rich blood flow. Physical movement increases blood flow to the brain, which delivers vital oxygen and nutrients while removing waste products. This increase in cerebral circulation enhances the function of existing brain cells and supports the development of new ones, particularly in the hippocampus, an area crucial for learning and memory.   Movement also stimulates the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein often described as “fertilizer for the brain.” BDNF promotes the growth and survival of neurons, as well as the formation of new neural connections. Higher levels of BDNF are associated with sharper memory, quicker thinking, and even resistance to depression and neurodegenerative diseases.   Physical Activity as Cognitive Armor One of the most promising discoveries in neuroscience is the role of movement in improving and protecting overall brain function. Studies consistently show that individuals who maintain regular physical activity into their later years' experience slower rates of cognitive decline and a host of other brain health benefits.   Even moderate activities have been shown to improve executive function skills. Physical activity appears to serve as cognitive armor, enhancing the brain’s ability to adapt and remain resilient against the effects of aging.   Mood, Memory, and Mental Clarity Physical movement influences more than just cognitive faculties; it has a profound impact on emotional regulation and mental clarity. Movement triggers the release of endorphins, natural chemicals that reduce pain and elevate mood. It also helps regulate cortisol levels, which can be elevated during periods of chronic stress.   By reducing inflammation and supporting neurotransmitter function, regular movement improves mood stability, lowers anxiety, and enhances sleep, all of which are essential for optimal brain health. A well-rested, emotionally balanced brain is far more effective at encoding new memories, retrieving stored information, and managing the challenges of daily life.   Neuroplasticity in Action Perhaps one of the most exciting aspects of movement and the brain is how it fosters neuroplasticity — the brain’s ability to reorganize and form new connections throughout life. Physical activity, especially when it involves learning new skills or improving coordination, challenges the brain to adapt. Dancing, martial arts, or learning a new sport involves memory, timing, rhythm, and balance, stimulating multiple brain regions simultaneously.   Even seemingly simple movements, such as walking, can be enhanced by integrating mindfulness or navigating new environments, which activate additional cognitive pathways. This dynamic engagement fosters a more flexible and adaptable brain, one that’s better equipped to cope with change and complexity.   The Social Dimension of Moving Helps Your Mind Movement also opens the door to social engagement, another vital factor in brain health. Group walks, fitness classes, or recreational sports not only encourage regular activity but also foster a sense of community and belonging. Social interactions stimulate cognitive function and help combat loneliness, a known risk factor for cognitive decline and depression.   Combining movement with connection amplifies the brain-boosting benefits. Shared activities provide accountability, emotional support, and mental stimulation, weaving together physical and cognitive resilience in a way that few solitary activities can match.   Movement Across the Lifespan The benefits of movement are not exclusive to older adults or those seeking to ward off cognitive decline. Physically active children tend to exhibit improved attention, behavior, and academic performance. Adolescents benefit from stress relief and emotional regulation, while adults gain sharper focus and better memory retention.   Crucially, the type of movement doesn’t need to be intense or formal. Gardening, vacuuming, playing with a pet, or taking the stairs instead of the elevator all contribute to the cumulative effect of brain-healthy living. The key is consistency and variety — keeping the body and brain engaged in ways that feel sustainable and enjoyable.   A Prescription for Brain Vitality Incorporating movement into daily life isn’t merely a lifestyle choice; it’s a long-term investment in brain vitality. Doctors and neurologists are increasingly advocating for physical activity not only as a preventive tool but as part of treatment plans for depression, mild cognitive impairment, and even recovery from brain injuries.   Whether used to sharpen focus, ease anxiety, or preserve memory, movement offers a non-invasive, accessible, and empowering way to support brain health. As public health strategies evolve, the call to “move more” is no longer just about waistlines and heart rates — it’s about preserving the very core of who we are: our minds.   Conclusion: Move Now, Think Better Later Physical movement is one of the most underutilized, and profoundly effective, ways to support lifelong brain health. It nourishes the brain with oxygen, stimulates protective proteins, bolsters emotional resilience, and fosters the plasticity necessary for growth and learning. At a time when cognitive diseases are on the rise and mental fatigue is a common complaint, regular movement stands out as a simple, proven, and powerful remedy.   No gym membership or high-tech tracker is required. Just move — often, mindfully, and with joy. Your brain will thank you for it, both today and for many years to come.  Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Los Angeles Times Los Angeles Times; LA Times Studios Author: Kevin Famuyiro Dateline: Feb. 20, 2026 Dementia Care and Early Detection The onset of cognitive decline introduces profound shifts for individuals and their families. While clinical treatments focus on neurological preservation, the daily reality of dementia care relies heavily on communication and environmental adaptation. Early detection provides a critical window. It allows medical teams to identify reversible causes of memory loss while giving families time to establish supportive care frameworks. Kevin Jameson serves as the Founder and Volunteer Chairman of Dementia Society of America. He highlights the necessity of equipping caregivers with practical tools right from the start. The Dementia Horizons education program looks beyond a purely clinical lens, focusing on the human side of dementia care, Jameson notes. Designed to empower a broad spectrum of care partners, Dementia Horizons delivers the baseline knowledge needed to understand the most common challenges when facing dementia. It is, at its core, an effort to bridge the gap between a daunting diagnosis and a livable reality with the critical role of an effective care partner. Navigating the Initial Dementia Diagnosis Receiving a dementia diagnosis alters the trajectory of aging for many older adults. Changes in brain function often manifest slowly. During the early stages, individuals might experience mild disruptions to daily life. However, as the underlying disease(s) progresses, a noticeable decline in cognitive function cognitive function requires proactive intervention. The brain undergoes structural shifts that affect talking, recalling memories, preserving physical balance, and processing information. Families must assess the risk of developing dementia alongside other medical conditions. Routine checkups help identify comorbid health conditions. Sometimes infections or poorly managed medical conditions exacerbate confusion. Addressing these factors prevents symptoms from getting worse. Currently, no definitive cure exists. Still, ongoing research supported by the national institute focuses on mitigating cognitive decline. Finding effective treatments remains a global priority. Alzheimer’s Disease and Distinguishing Other Dementias Alzheimer’s disease remains the most prevalent form of cognitive decline. It typically presents with [1]. As the condition advances, specialist input becomes necessary to manage complex neurological changes. However, memory loss stems from various distinct pathologies. Jameson explains the launch needed to move beyond an exclusive focus on Alzheimer’s disease. Dementia functions as a broad umbrella term covering numerous underlying diseases and disorders. These include Vascular Dementia, Lewy Body, Parkinson’s-related cognitive decline, and Frontotemporal Dementia. Care partners require a comprehensive toolkit to navigate daily living with these different pathologies. To prevent overload, learners begin with universal communication basics before exploring advanced topics. Initial diagnostic steps often include cognitive testing alongside neuroimaging. Clinicians use these tools to distinguish between different forms of cognitive impairment and to rule out reversible conditions like vitamin deficiencies or thyroid imbalances. Partnering with Healthcare Providers Establishing a partnership with a healthcare provider builds a necessary clinical foundation. As cognitive decline moves through different stages, medical realities shift. Doctors continually adjust care plans to match these evolving needs. And precise medication management does more than just stabilize mood. It actively mitigates severe anxiety alongside debilitating depression. Sleep disturbances lessen. Physical discomfort becomes manageable. The more advanced stages introduce entirely new physical risks. Maintaining a safe environment takes precedence over convenience. Care coordinators routinely evaluate living spaces to spot hazards and promote overall safety. This proactive approach often keeps individuals living in their own homes for much longer. Yet declining physical ability will eventually compromise everyday activities. Caregivers must then provide increasing assistance. Basic needs like eating require constant supervision. Routine personal care demands profound patience. Navigating the logistical hurdles of the advanced stages requires external support systems. Securing reliable transportation becomes an immediate necessity for frequent medical appointments. To ease this burden, various advocacy organizations offer concrete guidance on accessing state-funded programs. Families must also grasp the nuances of local state laws. These specific legal frameworks dictate the proper structuring of guardianships or financial directives. Burnout remains a constant threat. So, securing respite services provides primary caregivers with essential time to rest. Regular contact with specialized advocates for patients guarantees that families never face these complex medical systems alone. Psychological Symptoms and Behavioral Management Behavioral shifts often present the most significant hurdles in caregiving. Individuals may display agitation or confusion due to underlying sensory overload. Nonpharmacologic interventions [2]. Many care partners arrive with a fix-it mindset, instinctively reacting to difficult behaviors as problems demanding an immediate solution, Jameson observes. However, the most critical nonmedical tool remains the strategic pause. Care partners benefit from waiting 10 to 30 seconds before responding. This window of time allows the person living with dementia the necessary space to process information. It simultaneously gives the caregiver a moment to regulate emotional energy. Through in-person role-playing workshops, participants realize behavior functions as a form of communication. Pausing transforms a cycle of frustration into a genuine connection. Emergency de-escalation relies heavily on this principle. Pausing and redirecting proves far more effective than correcting the individual. Daily Living Support and Practical Home Care Adapting the physical environment reduces friction during daily routines. Installing grab bars in bathrooms and applying non-slip flooring prevent dangerous falls. Simplified schedules for meals and medication administration minimize cognitive fatigue. Assisting with [3]. personal hygiene often triggers resistance. Caregivers must approach these tasks Jameson highlights bathing resistance as a concrete example of transforming theory into strategy. Rather than simply noting sensory overload, the curriculum provides a strategy rooted in dignity. Care partners learn to model behavior. Actions include touching the water first before bathing or holding out a towel before wrapping it around the individual. Language pivots simultaneously with modeled behavior. Caregivers shift from issuing direct commands to extending low-pressure invitations. Suggesting a quick freshening up for lunch transforms the task into a shared activity rather than a confrontation. This collaborative method extends to all aspects of home care. While program participants range from family members to paid professionals, the Dementia Horizons program maintains a universal focus on a person-centered approach, Jameson adds. The training rests on the core belief that prioritizing collaborative action over dictatorial assistance works best, regardless of medical background. This universal skill set ensures both community members and clinicians respect the individual’s remaining autonomy. Navigating the medical system also requires organized advocacy. Caregivers should prepare written questions before appointments and maintain consolidated medical records. Scheduling regular care coordination meetings ensures primary care providers and specialists remain aligned on treatment goals. Support for Loved Ones and Caregiver Self-Care The emotional toll of caregiving necessitates robust support systems. Local caregiver support groups and respite care options provide essential relief. The Dementia Society of America actively trains community leaders to facilitate this necessary emotional support. Within the Train the Trainer initiative, the search extends beyond clinical expertise to find empathetic detectives, Jameson explains. These facilitators possess the necessary emotional intelligence to support the ambiguous loss families experience when caring for individuals throughout the diagnosis process. Maintaining the intimacy of in-person, small-group dynamics during organizational scaling requires every local facilitator to utilize the exact same evidence-based curriculum. This standardization ensures the dynamic of trust remains intact regardless of the location. End of Life Care and Legal Planning Long-term care involves [4]. Families must complete advance directives early in the disease progression. Appointing a healthcare power of attorney guarantees the individual’s medical preferences dictate future care. Understanding the distinction between palliative care for symptom management and hospice care for end-of-life support allows families to access appropriate resources. Bereavement counseling provides necessary closure for relatives following these transitions. Community Resources and Long-Term Care Options As care needs escalate, families must evaluate external support networks. Comparing in-home care providers against assisted living facilities helps determine the most appropriate long-term environment. Public benefit programs and specific veteran resources offer financial assistance for these services. Adult day programs provide vital social engagement while offering primary caregivers a temporary break. The demand for comprehensive education continues to grow. Following the recent launch, rapid enrollment demonstrates significant program momentum, Jameson shares. Increased participation ensures more care partners receive the tools, knowledge, confidence, and resilience needed for effective support. As workshops expand, future educational programs will explore the step-by-step, day-to-day essentials of comprehensive care. Closing Thoughts Effective caregiving demands continuous adaptation. Medical frameworks provide the necessary structure for symptom management. Meanwhile, empathetic communication transforms daily routines into moments of connection. Communities thrive when education bridges the gap between clinical reality and home life. And prioritizing dignity ensures the individual remains at the center of all decisions. Society must continue elevating these care standards. Source: Dementia Care Explained: Daily Living & Behavior Management Advice - Los Angeles Times Kevin Famuyiro is a Senior Content Strategist at LA Times Studios, curating content by working closely with doctors, scientists and healthcare experts as well as sourcing scholarly-reviewed medical and science journals. References [1] McKhann, G. M., Knopman, D. S., Chertkow, H., Hyman, B. T., Jack, C. R., Jr, Kawas, C. H., Klunk, W. E., Koroshetz, W. J., Manly, J. J., Mayeux, R., Mohs, R. C., Morris, J. C., Rossor, M. N., Scheltens, P., Carrillo, M. C., Thies, B., Weintraub, S., & Phelps, C. H. (2011). The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging Alzheimer’s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer’s Association, 7(3), 263–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2011.03.005 [2] Eggenberger, E., Heimerl, K., & Bennett, M. I. (2013). Communication skills training in dementia care: a systematic review of effectiveness, training content, and didactic methods in different care settings. International psychogeriatrics, 25(3), 345–358. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610212001664 [3] Sloane, P. D., Hoeffer, B., Mitchell, C. M., McKenzie, D. A., Barrick, A. L., Rader, J., Stewart, B. J., Talerico, K. A., Rasin, J. H., Zink, R. C., & Koch, G. G. (2004). Effect of person-centered showering and the towel bath on bathing-associated aggression, agitation, and discomfort in nursing home residents with dementia: a randomized, controlled trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 52(11), 1795–1804. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52501.x [4] Silveira, M. J., Kim, S. Y., & Langa, K. M. (2010). Advance directives and outcomes of surrogate decision making before death. The New England journal of medicine, 362(13), 12111218. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsa0907901 Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Copyrighted Getty Images Check Out These Recent Insights Into Brain Health! Flashing lights and buzzing sounds pulsing at 40 times per second may positively impact and PROTECT MEMORIES.   Use moderation with alcohol, as excesses can HARM THE BRAIN and raise the risk of memory and thinking issues.   The average human brain may contain a SPOON’S WORTH OF MICROPLASTICS.   Can you name that tune? Musical memories are linked in BIG, CONNECTED NETWORKS across the brain.   The shingles vaccine carries an ADDED BENEFIT: It may improve your brain’s overall health.   Going somewhere? BIKING THERE rather than walking may create a slight edge for your brain’s health. Don’t forget a helmet! Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.

Humans are social by nature. From childhood to old age, our connections with others help shape our lives. We talk, laugh, share stories, and support each other. But as we get older, making friends or staying social can feel harder. People move, loved ones pass, and routines change. Though it’s normal to feel lonely sometimes, staying connected is one of the best ways to keep your brain healthy.   Science shows that being social, also called social mingling, is just as important as eating well, exercising, or sleeping. In this article, we’ll explore how social connection boosts brain health, what studies say, and how even small efforts can make a big difference.   Social Interaction Keeps the Brain Active When you talk to someone, your brain gets a workout. It listens, speaks, remembers names, and reads emotions. This keeps many areas of your brain strong, including those for memory, language, and emotions.   Researchers at Harvard found that people with strong social ties think more clearly and live longer. Social connection can even slow memory loss. Even a quick conversation, a wave to a neighbor, or a phone call with a friend can help keep your brain active.   Loneliness Can Harm the Brain Too much time alone can hurt brain health. A National Institute on Aging study found that loneliness increases the risk of abnormal cognitive impairments. Why? Without people to talk to, your brain doesn’t get the exercise it needs. Being alone also raises stress hormones like cortisol, which harm memory and focus.   University of Chicago researchers found that lonely people sleep worse and feel more anxious, both of which are bad for brain health. The good news: Even one social moment a day can lift your mood and help your brain.   Friendship Builds Strength and Joy Life brings hard times, illness, loss, or change. But having people around makes those times easier. This support is called resilience.   The American Psychological Association found that people with close relationships recover faster from stress and feel more hopeful. You don’t need a crowd; just one trusted friend matters. Sharing stories, laughing, or sitting quietly with someone can bring peace and release “happy chemicals” in your brain, like dopamine and oxytocin.   Group Activities Improve Focus and Memory Joining a group, like a walking club or game night, gives your brain both purpose and social fun. Group activities often involve learning, movement, or creativity, all of which support brain health.   Studies show that older adults who join group activities have better memory and focus than those who stay alone. These experiences help build new brain connections and give you something to look forward to, both key to emotional and mental well-being.   Kindness and Listening Create Bonds Making new friends can feel scary, especially later in life. But small acts — smiling, listening, asking a question — can open the door to connection.   When we listen with care, we show others they matter. That builds trust and strengthens relationships. According to the Mayo Clinic, healthy friendships lower anxiety, boost mood, and improve memory.   Conclusion: A Connected Life = A Sharper Mind Social mingling isn’t just fun, it’s essential for a healthy brain. Talking, laughing, and spending time with others keeps your mind sharp and your mood lifted. If making friends feels hard, start small. Call someone. Wave at a neighbor. Visit a local group or class. Each small act can help rebuild connection, joy, and purpose.   It’s never too late to make a new friend, and just one connection can brighten your life and strengthen your mind. A simple chat, a warm smile, or one shared activity can feed your brain with connection and joy. You’re never too old to belong, and it’s never too late to begin again. Disclaimer: Dementia Society of America (DSA) provides educational content only and does not offer medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your medical care. DSA content is created by both human and computer-generated means and is reviewed for accuracy; however, errors may occur. Views expressed by third-party contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DSA. Unless expressly stated, DSA does not endorse or guarantee any third-party products, services, organizations, or external content. All DSA content is copyrighted and/or trademarked and may not be used without written permission.